量子计算：银行不能忽视的变革性处理技术

Quantum Computing:A Transformative ProcessingTechnology Banks Cannot Ignore What is Quantum Computing, and HowWill It Revolutionize Computing?4 Developments in Quantum Computing9 How Can Banks Leverage QuantumComputing?12 Krungsri Research’s view13 References15 Unlessexplicitlystatedotherwise,thispublicationandallmaterialthereinisunder the copyright ofKrungsriResearch. As such, the reuse, reproduction, oralteration of this text or any part thereof is absolutely prohibited without priorwrittenconsent.Thisreportdrawsonawiderangeofwell-establishedandtrustworthysources,butKrungsriResearchcanmakenoguaranteeoftheabsolute veracity of the material cited. Moreover,KrungsriResearch will not beheld responsible for any losses that may occur either directly or indirectly fromany use towhich this reportorthe datacontained therein maybe put.Theinformation,opinions,andjudgementsexpressedinthisreportarethoseofKrungsriResearch, but this publication does not necessarily reflect the opinionsof Bank ofAyudhyaPublic Company Limited or of any other companies withinthe same commercial group. This report is an accurate reflection of the thinkingand opinions ofKrungsriResearch as of the day of publication, but we reservethe right to change those opinions without prior notice. For research subscription, contactkrungsri.research@krungsri.com Introduction Quantum technology has been gaining increasing attention, especially after the United Nations declared2025 as the International Year of Quantum Science and Technology.1/This initiative aims to raiseawareness of the potential applications of quantum technology. The most discussed quantum technologyisquantum computing, which allows computers to process large amounts of data in a fraction of asecond.In the future, as this technology becomes more widely adopted, industries including the bankingsector are expected to reap significant benefits. These include faster and more accurate financial dataanalysis, along with the development of groundbreaking innovations. While quantum computing promises to revolutionize processing capabilities in unprecedented ways, thewidespread application of this technology still faces significant challenges, such as understanding quantumprinciples and developing skilled workforces. The banking sector must therefore begin planning toleverage quantum computing, similar to artificial intelligence (AI) technology has made a transformativeimpact over the past one to two years. Parinya Mingsakul Dr. Pimnara Hirankasi Analystparinya.mingsakul@krungsri.com+662296 2980 Head of Research Division and Chief Economistpimnara.hirankasi@krungsri.com+662 296 6457 What is Quantum Computing, andHow Will It Revolutionize Computing? Understanding Quantum Technology To understand quantum computing, we should begin by exploring the concept of "quantum," which is abranch of physics. Quantum science studies phenomena at the atomic scale,2/where objects exhibitbehaviors or properties governed by physical laws that are unfamiliar to human intuition. For instance, anatom can exist in multiple places simultaneously, pass through barriers, interact with each other despitebeing separated by vast distances. Quantum knowledge can be developed and applied to create technologies that impact both daily life andbusiness. For example, transistors,3/which are essential components within the Central Processing Unit(CPU) of smartphones and computers, and MRI scanners,4/which are utilized in medical applications, bothleverage quantum principles. In the future, quantum principles could significantly enhance the efficiencyof technologies that are deeply integrated into our everyday lives. There are three main types of quantum technology applications, namely (1)Quantum Sensing, such asquantum navigation systems that can measure motion with greater precision than current GPS systems.(2)Quantum communication, which applies quantum principles to enhance communication5/making dataencryption more secure. In 2024, the UK government allocated funding for research and development inthis new communication method, recognizing its potential in public health data exchange and its ability toenhance AI technology.6/(3)Quantum Computing, the most widely applied type of quantum technology.According to McKinsey, the market value of quantum computing is expected to reach $131 billion by2040.7/ Figure 1 Three main types of quantum technology applications Quantumsensing Quantumcomputing Quantumcommunication A new computingparadigm harnessingquantum mechanics tooutperform classicalcomputing and unlock newpossibilities. Secure quantum informationtransfer ensurescommunication protection,even against unlimitedcomputing power. A new generation ofquantum-based sensorsoffering ultra-sensitivemeasurements beyondclassical capabilities. Applications:•Secure communication Applications:•Medical imaging Applications:•Material science •Positioning•Navigation •Biomedical•Financial modelling •Networking qua