城市空中交通的未来

The integration of air taxis into urban airspace:Findings fromHorizonUAM, a research projectof the German Aerospace Center (DLR) TABLE OF CONTENTS Overall System Analysis Vehicle Vertidrome In Chapter 2, the design of vehicles isexplored, and concepts for the interior aswell as the rotor system are discussed. In Chapter 3, the topic of Vertidromes isexamined with the focus on integratingthem into existing city infrastructure. In Chapter 1, urban air mobility isintroduced as a system of systems. Usecases and market scenarios are analysed. Safety & Security Social Acceptance Demonstrations Chapter 6 covers demonstrations andevaluation of the research. Chapter 4 covers the topics of safety ofthe vehicles, as well as security of thetechnology involved in the system. In Chapter 5, the societal acceptanceof air taxis is discussed, focusing onsustainability, accessibility and affordability. SUPPORTED BY Future Perspectives © Photo chapter 1: iStock.com/3000ad© Photo chapter 7: iStock.com/guvendemir In Chapter 7, a view for the future of theresearch area, as well as the potential ofthe industry are discussed. Intro Urban Air Mobility (UAM) as part of Innovative Air Mobility (IAM) isa new air transportation system for passengers and cargo in urbanenvironments. It is enabled by new technologies in the fields of aircrafttechnology, electric propulsion and air traffic management. A core ideais to integrate UAM into existing multimodal transport systems. Thevision of UAM is to achieve safe, secure and sustainable air transportin urban and suburban environments, complementing existing transportation systems and contributing to the decarbonisation of thetransport sector. and environmental impacts. Therefore, the UAM system needsto be designed carefully to become safe, affordable, accessible,environmentally friendly, economically viable and thus sustainable. The German Aerospace Center (Deutsches Zentrum für LuftundRaumfahrt, DLR) combined its competencies in the areas of UAMvehicles, related infrastructure, operation of UAM services, andpublic acceptance of future urban air transport into a single project:“HorizonUAM – Urban Air Mobility Research at the GermanAerospace Center (DLR)”. This document outlines key researchtopics related to UAM. UAM is expected to benefit users and to also have a positiveimpact on the economy by creating new markets, employmentopportunities for manufacturing and operation of UAM vehicles,and the construction of related ground infrastructure. However,there are also concerns about noise, safety and security, privacy DLR as the Federal Republic of Germany’s research centrefor aeronautics and space has the unique ability toinvestigate UAM holistically, from idea and conceptionright through to simulation and flight testing. The HorizonUAM project ran from July 2020 to August2023, with a financial investment of 9.1 Million Euro. TenDLR institutes across Germany worked together alongwith cooperation partners NASA and Bauhaus Luftfahrt. Overall System Analysis Can Urban Air Mobility become a reality? Is there a demandfor this new type of transportation service? How should a UAMsystem be designed to be economically promising? Answeringthese key questions requires a deep understanding of the complexinteractions between UAM system components and their impacton system behaviour. The success of UAM is judged by its impacton relevant stakeholders, such as users, operators, and societyin general, as well as its impact on the environment. Because airtaxis are not yet in operation, models and simulations had to bedeveloped to gather information about the potential pricing ofUAM services, assess the global demand, and find out how UAMsystems could be optimised. USE CASES UAM comprises various potential use cases in passenger andcargo transport. As one of the starting points of the research, themost interesting use cases were selected with regard to prospectsof success and technological challenges. The team analysed thecharacteristics of these use cases in detail: user requirements werecompiled, the resulting consequences for the UAM transport systemwere derived, and scenarios of the technological development upto the year 2050 were derived. The results are incorporated into thevehicle and cabin design and into the development of a systemofsystems simulation. INTRACITY USE CASE Transport range:up to 50 kmSpeed:up to 100 km/hSeats: up to 4 »Flights ondemand within core areas and builtup urban areas of cities in Germany»High traffic density and flights in urban environments over short distances»Flight mission with up to two intermediate stops without need for recharging MEGACITY USE CASE Transport range:up to 100 kmSpeed:up to 150 km/hSeats: up to 6 »Flights ondemand within core areas and builtup urban areas of global megacities»High traffic density and flights in urban environments over large distances»Flight mission with no or one intermediate stop without need for recharging A