2025全球电力行业评论

ElectricityReview 2025Record renewables growth led by solar helpedpush clean power past 40% of global electricity in2024, but heatwave-related demand spikes ledto a small increase in fossil generation. 8 April 2025 Lead authors: Euan Graham and Nicolas FulghumOther authors : Katye Altieri About Ember’s sixth annual Global Electricity Review provides the first comprehensive overview ofchanges in global electricity generation in 2024, based on reported data. It presents thetrends underlying them, and the likely implications for energy sources and power sectoremissions in the near future. With the report, Ember is also releasing the first comprehensive,free dataset of global electricity generation in 2024. The report analyses electricity data from 215 countries, including the latest 2024 data for 88countries representing 93% of global electricity demand, as well as estimates for 2024 for allother countries. The analysis also includes data for 13 geographic and economic groupings,including Africa, Asia, the EU and the G7. It also dives deeper into the seven countries andregions with the highest electricity demand, which account for 72% of global electricitydemand. In addition to electricity generation data, the report uses weather and capacitydata to uncover the underlying trends shaping the global power sector. We make all of the data freely accessible to empower others to do their own analysis andhelp speed up the switch to clean electricity. Highlights +29% 40.9% +4.0% Growth rate of solargeneration in 2024, a six-year high. Share of global electricitygeneration from low-carbon sources in 2024. Electricity demand growthin 2024, which wasamplified by heatwaves. Contents Executive summary Chapter 1: 2024 in review9 Record rise in renewables, led by solar, brings clean power to a new milestone9Hotter temperatures amplify high electricity demand growth14Heatwaves drive a small increase in fossil use16 Chapter 2: The Big Picture 2.1 Solar is surging – flexibility can take it to the next level21Solar power has become the engine of the global energy transition21The rapid growth of solar is on display everywhere24Flexibility can enable further growth in solar power generation282.2 Clean generation is expected to meet higher levels of demand growth31Demand growth is higher than it used to be31Expectations rise for future demand growth, but remain uncertain33Clean electricity is growing quickly enough to meet higher levels of demandgrowth362.3 Future electricity demand growth in India and China will be powered byclean sources38China and India are decoupling electricity demand growth from fossil growth38The end is in sight for China’s fossil-based demand growth40India’s fossil surge could already be slowing43Clean growth in China and India can tip the balance towards a decline in fossilgeneration at a global level46 Chapter 3: Global Electricity Trends 3.1 Global electricity demand493.2 Global electricity generation533.3 Global power sector emissions57 Contents Chapter 4: Global Electricity Source Trends 4.1 Solar4.2 Wind4.3 Hydro4.4 Nuclear4.5 Gas4.6 Coal Chapter 5: Major Countries and Regions 5.1 China5.2 United States5.3 European Union5.4 India5.5 Russia5.6 Japan5.7 Brazil Conclusion110 Supporting materialsMethodologyAcknowledgements Executive summary World surpasses 40% cleanpower as renewables seerecord rise Clean power surpassed 40% of global electricity generation in 2024,driven by record growth in renewables, especially solar. Heatwavescontributed to high growth in electricity demand which resulted in asmall increase in fossil generation, driving up power sector emissions toan all-time high. Solar power has become the engine of the global energy transition, with both solargeneration and capacity installations setting new records in 2024. Solar generation hasmaintained its high growth rate, doubling in the last three years, and adding more electricitythan any other source over that period. At the same time, electricity demand saw asignificant rise in 2024, outpacing the growth in clean electricity. Expanding technologiessuch as AI, data centres, electric vehicles and heat pumps are already contributing to therise in global demand. However, the main reason why electricity demand growth waselevated in 2024 compared to 2023 was an increase in air conditioning use duringheatwaves. This accounted for almost all of the small rise in fossil generation. Key takeaways Clean power surpasses 40% of global electricity generation Generation from all low-carbon power sources – renewables plus nuclear –surpassed 40% of global electricity in 2024 for the first time since the 1940s.Renewable power sources added a record 858 TWh of generation in 2024, 49% morethan the previous record of 577 TWh set in 2022. The record increase in renewablescoupled with a small increase in nuclear output of 69 TWh brought low-carbon powerto 40.9% (12,609 TWh) of the mix in 2024, compared with 39.4% in 2023. Hydro