2024年墨西哥咖啡市场年度报告

Date:May 17, 2024 Report Number:MX2024-0025 Report Name:Coffee Annual Country:Mexico Post:Mexico City ReportCategory:Coffee Prepared By:Adriana Otero Arnaiz Approved By:Alexander Chinh Report Highlights: Mexico’s coffee production for marketing year 2024/25 is forecast at 3.89 million 60-kilogram bags.This represents a slightincrease from previous years, driven by incentives to plant due to favorablecoffee prices and ongoing efforts to improve coffee varieties. Roasted coffee consumption withinMexico is also expected to see a modest but sustained increase, reaching 1.3 million 60-kilogram bags in2024/25. The United States continues to be the primary market for Mexican coffee, importing green,roasted, and soluble coffee beans from Mexico. Production Mexico's coffee production for marketing year 2024/25 (October–September) is forecast to reach 3.89million 60-kilogram bags. This change represents a slight increase from the previous year. Ananticipated rise in international coffee prices is expected to benefit producers. With higher revenue,producers caninvest in better agricultural practices, such as removing excess berries from the trees andsurrounding soil to reduce the risk of pests and diseases. According to the International Coffee Organization (ICO), global coffee prices reached a 13-year high inApril 2024. However, high prices will likely be offset by increasing production costs, including forinputs and labor. These offsets limit the potential for a more significant production increase. The forecast for marketing year 2023/24 has been revised upward to 3.8 million 60-kilogram bags, andthe estimate for 2022/23 has been increased to 3.5 million bags based on official data from theSecretariat of Agriculture and Rural Development (SADER). While production is expected to inch upwards, Mexican coffeeproducers still face challenges: Limited Coffee Farm Renovation:Coffee farm renovation processes have slowed due tominimal government support. Producers must rely on their own resources, or assistance fromcooperatives or the private sector, to make these improvements. While large companies likeNestle, along with other small and medium-sized coffee businesses, are providing some supportprograms, including extension services and financing, these programs only reach a small portionof producers.LaborShortages and Rising Costs:Many coffee producers, particularly in the southern borderstates, are struggling to find field workers. Government policies have significantly reduced thenumber of migrant workers (primarily from Guatemala) available. Additionally, other sectors,such as tourism, are offering more competitive wages, further driving up labor costs for coffeeproducers. Mexico is a global leader in both shade-grown and organic coffee. Coffee farming significantly impactssmallholder livelihoods,with 90percentofcoffee growers operatingsmall-scale farms averaging 2.9hectares,followed by growers with even smaller plots (median 2 hectares).These smaller farms tend tobe run by younger producersanda higher proportion of women. A2024study oncoffeeproduction1costs in Mexico found that the average producer is 54 years old.Women make up 22percentof producers, with 41percentliving with a partner. The averagecoffeefarmhousehold has three to four members, and roughly 75percentof thoseover 15 years old contribute to thefarm work. In terms of education, 38percentof producers have completed middle school, with womenand younger generations showing higher education levels. Despite this positive trend, the averageproducer still boasts over 24 years of experience in coffee cultivation. Mexico’s shade-grown coffee production relies heavily on cooperatives. These cooperatives serve as avital support system for producers, offering technical assistance, financing, and a guaranteed market fortheir beans. The cooperatives handle the processing, commercialization, and final sale of the coffee. On April 12, Mexican Government ratify the International Coffee Agreement (2022 ICA), with aDecreein the Official Gazette. The aim of the agreement is to help stabilize coffee prices, improve the standardof living for producers, and promote sustainable production across the supply chain. The ICA has beenamended several times to accommodate the fluctuating cost of living and innovations in sustainability.Updated for the first time in 15 years, the 2022 ICA could represent a pivotal opportunity to increaseprivate sector participation in creating a more sustainable supply chain. Its goal is to stabilize coffeeprices by initiating dialogue between producers and consumers. The controlling body behind theagreement is the International Coffee Organization (ICO). To achieve its goal, the agreement has established a system of export quotas and import tariffs, as well as funding research and developmentprojects.The agreement also aims to improve the livelihoods of coffee farmers by providing them withaccess to financial and technical assistanc