APEC Sectoral Symposia on the Holistic Approach of Decarbonization for Energy Transition

APECEnergy Working Group June2024 APEC Sectoral Symposia on theHolistic Approach of Decarbonizationfor Energy Transition APEC Symposium on Pursuing Decarbonization of Fossil Fuels11-12 October 2023Kobe City, Hyogo, Japan APEC Symposium on Promoting Energy Efficiency andEnergy Management System23-24 January 2024Tokyo, Japan APECEnergy Working Group June2024 APEC Project:EWG 03 2022S Produced by Asia-Pacific Energy Research Centre (APERC)11F, 1-13-1 Kachidoki, Chuo-kuTokyo 104-0054Japan ForAsia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Secretariat35 Heng Mui Keng TerraceSingapore 119616Tel: (65) 68919 600Fax: (65) 68919 690Email:info@apec.orgWebsite:www.apec.org ©2024APEC Secretariat APEC#224-RE-04.5 Table of Contents 1. Background...............................................................................................................42. Objectives.................................................................................................................43. Symposium Methodology..........................................................................................44. Participating Economies and Organizations..............................................................55. Description................................................................................................................66. Summary of Symposium...........................................................................................76-1. Pursuing Decarbonization of Fossil Fuels (Kobe)...............................................76-1-1. Session 1: Opening Session........................................................................7a) Opening Remarks..........................................................................................7b) Keynote Speech: Necessity of Decarbonization of Fossil Fuels for CarbonNeutrality............................................................................................................86-1-2. Session 2: Hydrogen...................................................................................9a) Energy Transition and Green Hydrogen in Chile............................................9b) Gentari’s Venture into Hydrogen Production Projects in Malaysia and Overseas.........................................................................................................................10c) Development of Global Supply Chain by LOHC-MCH method.....................11d) Towards the Realization of International Liquefied Hydrogen Supply Chain.12e) Analysis of Current and Future Hydrogen Production and Utilization in theUnited States....................................................................................................12f) Q&A and Discussions....................................................................................146-1-3. Session 3: Fuel Ammonia..........................................................................17a) Fuel Ammonia Production from Fossil Fuels................................................17b) Fuel Ammonia Power Generation and Building Supply Chain......................17c) EMSA Study Potential of Ammonia as Fuel in Shipping................................18d) Q&A and Discussions...................................................................................196-1-4. Session 4: Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage (CCUS).....................20a) CCUS in Japan............................................................................................20b) CCUS in Australia........................................................................................21c) Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage in China........................................22d) CCUS in ASEAN: Recent Developments in Indonesia.................................22e) Q&A and Discussions...................................................................................236-1-5. Session 5: Direct Carbon Capture (DAC)...................................................26a) Research and Development for DAC in Japan.............................................26b) Commercial-scale Direct Air Capture............................................................26c) Q&A and Discussions...................................................................................27 6-1-6. Session 6: Closing Remarks......................................................................306-1-7. Site Visits-Day2 (12 October)..................................................................306-2. Promoting Energy Efficiency and Energy Management System (Tokyo)...........316-2-1. Session 1:Opening Session.......................................................................31a) Opening Remarks........................................................................................31b) Keynote Speech:The Evolution of Energy Efficiency Policy to Support CleanEnergy Transition in Japan...............................................................................32c) Keynote Speech:The Key to an En