2024航空业超越国界的效益：航空运输推动全球经济增长、就业、贸易联系、旅游业并支持可持续发展研究报告

CONTENTS Introduction2 From Chicago to the world: 80 years of ICAO3 Executive summaryKey facts and figures from the world of air transport9 A global industry driving sustainable developmentAviation’s global economic, social and environmentalprofile in 202317 Regional and group analysis45 Africa46Asia-Pacific48Europe50Latin America and the Caribbean52Middle East54North America56APEC economies58European Union59ASEAN member states60Small island states61Developing countries62OECD countries63Least-developed countries64Landlocked developing countries65 National analysisA country-by-country look at aviation’s benefits67 A growth industryAn assessment of the next 20 years of aviation85 References89 Methodology95 INTRODUCTION Having grown up in a world of air travel, it’s hard to imagine that it was just 80 yearsago that significant steps were being taken in the establishment of what is now theglobal air transport system. When 700 delegates met at the Stevens Hotel in Chicagofor 37 days in late 1944, the world war which had ravaged many countries was stillraging. And yet these negotiators were already putting in place a system that wouldmake use of the advances in aerospace that the war had helped accelerate. As thewar neared its end, the question became how civil aviation could help to open up anew world and be used as a tool to foster long-lasting peace? The Chicago Convention was signed on 7 December 1944. Even before the UnitedNations (UN) itself had been established, the Conference set up a new internationalagency for the development of global air transport: the International Civil AviationOrganization (ICAO). It also set the tone for how countries could use the connectivitythat air travel would make possible as an agent of growth, development and prosperity. The future development of internationalcivil aviation can greatly help tocreate and preserve friendship andunderstanding among the nations andpeoples of the world” – preamble of theChicago Convention HALDANE DODD ATAG Executive DirectorChicago, December 2024 It would be fascinating to hear what those negotiators from 52 States in 1944 wouldthink of today’s air transport system. From those early days of multi-stage hops inflying boats to today’s 20-hour non-stop flights. From a very shaky safety recordto the safest form of transport on earth. From prioritising speed and opulence toprioritising fuel efficiency and value for passengers. From paper tickets to buyingflights with a few finger swipes on a computer which fits in your pocket. The detailsof the way we work have evolved significantly. But I like to think that the spirit ofthose who work in aviation hasn’t changed all that much: working together to serveour passengers, to run a global transport system and — most importantly — to bringpeople together. As this edition ofAviation: Benefits Beyond Bordersshows, aviation supports some86.5 million jobs worldwide today, contributing 3.9% of global economic activity,transporting a third of world trade by value, enabling 58% of tourist arrivals andconnecting people all over the planet. The Chicago Conference proved to be a catalyst for helping to shape our entireindustry. The rules set in place helped us in the industry build an interconnectedworld. As we explore in the first chapter, today’s aviation professionals would be ina very different place if the system of standards and recommended practices werenot established and updated through ICAO. However, we are also faced with issuesunforeseen to those in Chicago in December 1944: the threat of cyber terrorism;the threat of climate change and our sector’s role in helping to mitigate aviation’sclimate impact; the need to transition to new forms of energy; the need to furtherdemocratise access to air travel connectivity; the lessons we should learn from aglobal pandemic. All of these are significant challenges in their own right. But I am confident that wecan master them as well as our predecessors did. The first 80 years of internationally-coordinated civil aviation have provided a model of how to collaborate for jointsuccess. The next 80 years will be just as exciting! THE CONVENTION ON INTERNATIONALCIVIL AVIATION With full recognition of the sovereignty and juridical equality ofall nations, let us work together so that the air may be used byhumanity, to serve humanity.” – President Roosevelt’s invitationto States to join the Chicago Conference New York or Buenos Aires, Tokyo or Nairobi — no matterwhere in the world a pilot navigates an airport, they willencounter the same signage and markings leading themto their designated runway. At night or in low visibilityconditions, they can rely on standardised lighting systems toland their aircraft safely. Air traffic controllers communicatein the same manner with every cockpit crew, using a commonlanguage and procedures. Airlines have the same safety,maintenance, and operational standards across the world.These are just a few examples of how th