Evaluation of WHO's contribution to Water, Sanitation, Hygiene (WASH) and Health: report

Contents Acknowledgements .....................................................................................................................viAcronyms ...................................................................................................................................viiExecutive Summary ...................................................................................................................viii1Introduction and context...................................................................................................... 11.1Background: WHO’s mandate and role on WASH .................................................................11.2The WHO water, sanitation and hygiene strategy 2018–2025 .............................................21.3WHO Water, Sanitation, Hygiene and Health Unit................................................................41.4Object of the evaluation ........................................................................................................52Purpose, objectives and scope .............................................................................................. 92.1Purpose and objectives..........................................................................................................92.2Scope....................................................................................................................................102.3Evaluation audiences ...........................................................................................................113Evaluation methodology..................................................................................................... 113.1Summary of approach and methodology ............................................................................113.2A theory-based approach to the evaluation........................................................................123.3Utilization-focused evaluation.............................................................................................153.4Gender equality, disability and social inclusion responsive approach ................................153.5Evaluation questions............................................................................................................163.6Data collection methods......................................................................................................173.7Data analysis ........................................................................................................................223.8Generation of recommendations ........................................................................................243.9Validation of tools................................................................................................................243.10Ethical considerations..........................................................................................................243.11Limitations ...........................................................................................................................254Evaluation findings............................................................................................................. 285Conclusions........................................................................................................................ 816Recommendations ............................................................................................................. 85References ................................................................................................................................ 91 L I S T O F T A B L E S Table 1: Number of ECH focal points in WHO country offices by region as of June 2024...................... 5Table 2. Evaluation criteria and evaluation questions .......................................................................... 16Table 3. Number of informants interviewed or participating in (focus) group discussions, bystakeholder group and level.................................................................................................................. 19Table 4. Strength of evidence rating for key findings ........................................................................... 24Table 5. Limitations and mitigation....................................................................................................... 26Table 6. Summary of key findings related to EQ 1.1............................................................................. 28 Table 7. WASH targets in GPW13 and in response to the UN Secretary-General’s call for action....... 33Table 8. Summary of key findings related to EQ 1.2............................................................................. 36Table 9. Summary of key findings related to EQ 2.1............................................................................. 41Table 10. Summary of key findings related to EQ 2.2.........................................................