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2024年HDM技术白皮书

信息技术 2024-09-12 新华三集团 Zt

HDM服务器远程管理系统概述

HDM是H3C自主研发的服务器远程管理系统，兼容IPMI、SNMP、Redfish等业界管理标准，支持多种远程管理功能，如KVM、虚拟媒体、串口重定向等，旨在提升服务器运维管理效率和安全性。

系统设计

HDM采用服务器专用SOC芯片，支持远程KVM、本地VGA显示、专用和共享网口等，并通过传感器全面监控服务器硬件状态，实现智能电源管理和散热控制。系统支持NCSI和VLAN网络功能，提供双镜像备份和主备切换，确保系统高可靠性。

产品功能

丰富的管理接口

Web管理接口：基于HTTPS的Web可视化界面，支持远程控制台监控、OS操作、光驱/软驱映射等。
IPMI管理接口：兼容IPMI 1.5/IPMI 2.0规范，支持LPC和LAN通道管理。
SNMP管理接口：基于SNMP协议，支持v1/v2c/v3版本，提供编程接口方便集成管理。
Redfish管理接口：基于HTTPs服务的RESTful接口，实现用户管理、服务器信息获取、BIOS配置等。
HDM联合管理：支持小规模服务器统一管理，简化中小企业运维成本。
LCD显示屏：部分机架服务器可选配3.5英寸可触摸LCD液晶显示屏，方便本地维护。

主机监控

系统健康状态：通过WEB、健康指示灯、LCD等方式展示服务器整体和各部件健康状态。
传感器：提供3D温度海洋、传感器历史曲线等功能，全面监控服务器温度、电流、电压、风扇转速等。
系统资源监控：监控CPU、内存、磁盘资源占用率，支持告警阈值设置。

故障告警

故障告警：支持处理器、内存、电源、风扇、存储等部件故障检测，分为正常、轻微、严重、紧急四个级别。
SDS简介：智能诊断系统，通过收集硬件故障数据，基于经验库进行分析定位，提供故障诊断报告。
SDS故障诊断：支持MCA、电源、主板、PCIe卡、阵列卡等故障检测和诊断，提供详细的故障原因和处理措施。
故障上报：支持SNMP Trap、SMTP、Redfish事件订阅、远程Syslog等方式上报故障事件日志。
故障预告警：支持CPU、内存、硬盘、RAID卡、网卡、电源等部件的主动预警。

可维护性

操作日志：记录访问、固件更新、硬件更新、配置等操作信息。
事件日志：记录传感器事件，按严重性分为正常、轻微、严重、紧急四个等级，支持事件码查询和处理建议。
串口重定向：将系统串口数据重定向到网络设备，支持切换到BIOS/OS、智能网卡、RAID扣卡等。
传感器信息上报：支持将传感器信息定期发送到Syslog服务器。
串口信息监控：支持将BIOS/OS串口日志发送到远程Syslog服务器。
一键收集：收集服务器日志信息、硬件信息、SDS故障诊断等信息，方便问题咨询和运维工作。
诊断面板：直接显示服务器异常信息，指示具体故障设备。
安全面板：显示服务器健康或功率负载状态，提供直观的故障信息指示。
蓝屏快照：保存Windows操作系统故障重启前的最后一屏信息。
录像回放：记录服务器操作系统崩溃、重启或关机前的录像，方便故障分析。
告警策略：支持NMI、MCA策略等，指导运维人员快速解决问题。
Remote XDP：支持Intel CPU的远程JTAG调试，收集CPU、内存、PCIe等部件寄存器信息。
ACD：集成Intel ACD特性，增强Intel平台MCA故障的定位手段。
iHDT：支持AMD CPU的远程JTAG调试，收集CPU、内存、PCIe等部件信息。
服务U盘：支持一键收集等操作，简化临场运维管理。
HDM任务状态查询：支持Redfish查询HDM后台任务状态。
应急诊断：支持最小启动和诊断隔离启动功能，提高服务器整体RAS特性。

主机管理

FRU及资产信息管理：采集服务器上相关部件的唯一编码信息。
系统启动项：配置服务器的下一次启动模式和启动设备。
风扇管理：支持MS线性调速和PID调速，提供静音、均衡、强劲等风扇模式。
DCPMM内存：获取DCPMM内存的控制器固件版本、温度、剩余寿命等信息。
网卡：支持NCSI over MCTP(over PCIe)和OCP网卡的带外管理。
FC HBA卡：支持部分FC HBA卡的带外管理，获取WWN号、温度、健康状态等信息。
GPU卡：支持NVIDIA、寒武纪、比思、燧原部分型号GPU的带外管理。
硬分区：支持将8路服务器切换成2台4路服务器使用，各分区拥有独立BIOS和资源。

存储管理

存储卡管理：获取存储卡的数量、型号、厂商、固件版本等信息。
逻辑盘管理：支持LSI卡和PMC卡存储卡的逻辑盘创建和读写策略修改。
物理盘管理：获取物理盘的槽位号、厂商型号、状态、容量等信息，支持配置物理盘状态和热备。
存储可维护：支持硬盘、SSD、NVMe盘、控制卡、BBU等故障检测和诊断，提供SMART信息获取和诊断功能。

智能电源和能耗管理

设备上下电控制：支持立即重启、强制关机、正常关机、开机、关机并重新开机等操作。
功率封顶：设置系统功率预期上限，引导特定动作发生，保证机箱整体功率的合理分配。
电源工作模式：支持主备模式和负载分担模式，提升电源功率转换效率。
历史功率统计：提供准确的能耗监测和统计，帮助管理员了解电力及散热资源的使用情况。
节能设置：支持性能模式、节能模式、均衡模式，调节CPU工作频率和空闲工作时间降低系统能耗。
AC恢复配置：配置服务器通电后系统的启动策略，包括总是开启、总是关闭、上一次电源状态、开机延迟等。

虚拟KVM和虚拟媒体

虚拟KVM：提供实时操作异地设备的管理方式。
H5 KVM：无需插件，通过浏览器HTTPs访问实现远程管理。
KVM模式配置：支持共享模式、独占模式和加密模式。
虚拟媒体：提供对本地媒体的远程访问方式，支持DVD、CD光驱、ISO、IMG文件、虚拟文件夹、USB key等。
KVM截屏：支持截屏功能，图像格式为JPEG格式。
KVM录像回放：支持录像功能，录像格式为AVI格式。

VNC会话

VNC介绍：通过VNC协议远程控制服务器。
VNC支持共享模式和独占模式：支持多个远程控制台会话，主用户拥有完全控制权限。
VNC配置页面：配置VNC在线会话使能、VNC密码等。
建立非安全VNC会话：支持通过VNC viewer建立VNC会话。
VNC密码设置：支持密码复杂度检查设置。

HDM网络

边带管理及NCSI技术：利用NCSI技术使管理系统与主机系统共用主机物理网口，简化组网。
网口模式：支持正常模式、Bonding模式和网口自适应模式。
IPv6：全面支持IPv6，专用网口和共享网口均支持IPv6地址访问。
NTP及时间管理：支持配置服务器所在的时区，并通过手动或自动获取NTP服务器同步时钟。
DNS：支持将IP地址与域名建立映射关系，并向网络中的IPDNS服务器进行注册。
远程Syslog：支持将操作日志和事件日志发送到远程Syslog服务器。
电子邮件告警：支持将事件日志通过电子邮件发送给指定用户。
SNMP Trap：支持将事件日志通过SNMP Trap发送给指定用户。
USB WIFI：支持外接小米随身WiFi模块，提供无线热点功能。
LLDP：支持LLDP协议，解析本地网络中交换机的相关信息，并主动发送LLDP报文。

安全管理

用户权限：支持本地用户和域用户（LDAP和AD用户），通过角色组决定用户权限。
本地用户：最大支持16个本地用户，可选择接口权限和SNMP扩展权限。
LDAP域用户：支持LDAP目录服务，集中管理用户和权限，提高管理效率和安全性。
AD域用户：支持AD用户认证功能，权限由用户所在角色组的权限决定。
密码复杂度：支持密码复杂度检查、密码有效期、禁用历史密码重复次数、登录失败锁定、密码锁定时长、弱口令检查等功能。
服务管理：支持开关控制是否提供服务端口。
防火墙：支持设置防火墙黑白名单规则，进行访问控制。
SSL证书管理：支持上传、生成、查看SSL证书。
双因素认证：支持证书认证和OTP认证，增强系统管理的安全性。
可信硅根：利用Intel PFR技术提高系统安全可信程度。
硬件加密：支持AES、DES、3DES、RC4、MD5、SHA1、SHA224、SHA256、HMAC-MD5、HMAC-SHA1、HMAC-SHA224和HMAC-SHA256算法。

固件管理

固件管理：支持查询和升级HDM、BIOS、CPLD、PSU、LCD固件版本。
固件双镜像：使用固件双镜像备份技术，提升系统可靠性。
固件升级：支持手动和自动生效方式，支持配置保留或覆盖。

配置管理

配置文件导入导出：支持HDM、BIOS、RAID的所有配置以配置文件方式导出和导入。
HDM恢复默认配置：可将HDM的配置恢复到最原始的配置状态。

G3和G5服务器特性支持差异

G3和G5服务器支持的特性存在差异，部分特性仅部分服务器支持，具体请以服务器的实际情况为准。

目录 1概述··························································································································································12系统设计··················································································································································23产品功能··················································································································································33.1丰富的管理接口···································································································································· 33.1.1 Web管理接口···························································································································· 33.1.2 IPMI管理接口···························································································································· 33.1.3 SNMP管理接口························································································································· 43.1.4 Redfish管理接口······················································································································· 43.1.5 HDM联合管理··························································································································· 63.1.6 LCD显示屏································································································································ 63.2主机监控··············································································································································· 93.2.1系统健康状态····························································································································· 93.2.2传感器······································································································································ 103.2.3系统资源监控··························································································································· 123.3故障告警············································································································································· 133.3.1故障告警·································································································································· 133.3.2 SDS简介································································································································· 143.3.3 SDS故障诊断·························································································································· 153.3.4故障上报·································································································································· 173.3.5故障预告警······························································································································· 183.4可维护性············································································································································· 183.4.1操作日志·································································································································· 183.4.2事件日志·································································································································· 193.4.3串口重定向······························································································································· 213.4.4传感器信息上报······················································································································· 213.4.5串口信息监控··························································································································· 223.4.6一键收集·································································································································· 223.4.7诊断面板·································································································································· 233.4.8安全面板·································································································································· 243.4.9蓝屏快照·································································································································· 243.4.10录像回放································································································································ 253.4.11告警策略································································································································ 253.4.12 Remote XDP·························································································································· 26 3.4.13 ACD ······································································································································· 273.4.14 iHDT ·······························································································································

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