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A Vision for Clean Cooking Access for All

信息技术2023-07-26国际能源署任***

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A Vision for Clean Cooking Access for All

Introduction

The International Energy Agency (IEA) and the African Development Bank Group have collaborated to produce a special report focusing on the critical issue of clean cooking access. The report highlights that nearly one-third of the world's population still relies on rudimentary cooking methods, such as burning coal, firewood, and even animal dung, leading to significant health and environmental impacts.

Key Findings and Challenges

Health Impacts: The use of traditional cooking methods results in hazardous fumes that contribute to millions of premature deaths each year, with women being disproportionately affected.
Economic Impact: Women often spend up to five hours daily collecting fuel and cooking, which limits their opportunities for education, employment, and financial independence.
Global Status: The report notes that while progress has been made in some countries like India, China, and Indonesia, the majority of the world's population still lacks access to clean cooking solutions.
Regional Focus: In sub-Saharan Africa, the number of people without clean cooking continues to rise, despite the region accounting for four out of five individuals lacking access.

Cost and Benefits

Investment Costs: The report concludes that achieving full access to clean cooking is feasible with relatively modest investment. The cost of providing assistance to poor countries may be far less than the cost of dealing with the instability and insecurity created by poverty.
Benefits: The benefits of achieving universal clean cooking access are substantial, including improved health, increased productivity, and reduced environmental impact.

Policy Recommendations

Stated Policies Scenario: The report underscores the limited progress made towards achieving universal access to clean cooking under current policies.
Access for All Scenario: The report explores strategies to ensure universal access by 2030, emphasizing the need for clear policies, robust regulatory frameworks, and financial incentives.
Financial Needs: Approximately $8 billion per year is required from now until 2030 to achieve universal access to clean cooking solutions.

Conclusion

Transforming the clean cooking landscape is a complex endeavor, but the report emphasizes the importance of steadfast leadership and sustained investment. The African Development Bank Group is actively working to accelerate efforts towards achieving universal clean cooking access through various initiatives and financial instruments.

Summary

The International Energy Agency and the African Development Bank Group have highlighted the urgent need for clean cooking solutions globally. Despite progress in some regions, millions continue to suffer from the health and economic impacts of traditional cooking methods. The report suggests that achieving universal clean cooking access is feasible with modest investment and strong policy support.

A Vision forClean CookingAccess for All INTERNATIONAL ENERGYAGENCY IEA membercountries: IEA associationcountries: The IEA examines thefull spectrumof energy issuesincluding oil, gas andcoal supply anddemand, renewableenergy technologies,electricity markets,energy efficiency,access to energy,demand sidemanagement andmuch more. Throughits work, the IEAadvocates policiesthat will enhance thereliability, affordabilityand sustainability ofenergy in its31member countries,13associationcountries andbeyond. NorwayPolandPortugalSlovak RepublicSpainSwedenSwitzerlandRepublic of TürkiyeUnited KingdomUnited States AustraliaAustriaBelgiumCanadaCzech RepublicDenmarkEstoniaFinlandFranceGermanyGreeceHungaryIrelandItalyJapanKoreaLithuaniaLuxembourgMexicoNetherlands ArgentinaBrazilChinaEgyptIndiaIndonesiaMoroccoSingaporeSouth AfricaThailandUkraineKenyaSenegal The EuropeanCommission alsoparticipates in thework of the IEA AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT BANKGROUP The overarching objective of the African Development Bank (AfDB) Group is to spur sustainableeconomic development and social progress in its regional member countries (RMCs), thuscontributing to poverty reduction. The Bank Group achieves this objective by mobilizing andallocating resources for investment in RMCs and by providing policy advice and technicalassistance to support development efforts. This publication and any mapincluded herein are withoutprejudice to the status of orsovereignty over any territory,to the delimitation ofinternational frontiers andboundaries and to the nameof any territory, city or area. Please note that thispublication is subject tospecific restrictions that limitits use and distribution. Theterms and conditions areavailable online atwww.iea.org/t&c/ Source: IEA.International Energy AgencyWebsite: www.iea.org Foreword by the Executive Director, International Energy Agency Today, nearly one third of people around the world cook their meals with rudimentarymethods. They burn coal, firewood, and even animal dung as fuel, breathing in hazardousfumes daily. It is a silent killer, contributing to millions of premature deaths each year, withwomen its likeliest victims. Many in advanced economies take for granted access to modern cooking appliance and theenergy that is reliably delivered to our homes to run them. Yet, these appliances areunaffordable or unattainable for many households in developing economies. Bringing cleancooking to the 2.3 billion people who live without it today can transform their lives. It iscentral not only to the transition to modern, secure and sustainable energy, but to manyother facets of the development agenda such as poverty reduction, health and genderequality. By almost every metric, women suffer the most due to a lack of access to clean cookingsolutions. Without these amenities, cooking becomes a full-time job for many women. Theyspend, on average, five hours each day collecting fuel and cooking, which deprive them oftheir health as well as opportunities like accessing basic education, taking up employment orstarting a business that could deliver financial independence. Many inspiring women leadersare at the forefront of advances in clean cooking today, but troubling disparities in femaleempowerment in government, business, and the home means clean cooking remains anafterthought in many parts of the world. Nearly 20 years ago, as IEA’s Chief Economist, I first called upon policy makers to makemodern cooking solutions for every household around the world a priority issue in “EnergyEconomics: A Place for Energy Poverty in the Agenda?”. In 2015, universal access to cleancooking by 2030 was rightly included among the United Nations’ Sustainable DevelopmentGoals, and this year marks the midway point toward that goal. Unfortunately, the world hasnot committed nearly enough resources to reaching it, most notably in sub-Saharan Africawhere the number of people without clean cooking continues to rise. The barriers to delivering on the promise of clean cooking for all are not technical. What isencouraging and disturbing, in equal measure, is that this huge environmental, economicand human challenge could be solved with relatively modest investment. While addressingthe issue is complex, there are success stories in India, China, and Indonesia, where thosewithout access were halved last decade. In 2005 I wrote “Rich industrialised countries have an important role to play in this process.In addition to moral issues involved, we have obvious long-term economic, political andenergy-securityinterests in helping developing countries along the path to energydevelopment. For as long as poverty, hunger and disease persist, the poorest regions willremain vulnerable to humanitarian disasters, to social injustice and to political instability.Lack of resources is not an excuse. The cost of providing assistance to poor countries may turn out to be far less than that of dealing with the instability and insecurity that povertycreates.

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