2023全球退煤进展追踪报告

目录 前言··················································· i 化石能源转型··················································1 国家和地区行动··················································1 摩洛哥等国加入 2040 年前退煤的国际计划·····································1美国《通胀削减法案》将如何加速煤电退役？···································2《通胀削减法案》将让美国 24 吉瓦煤电失去竞争力······························3美国环保局新规向电力行业“叫板”，质疑碳捕集可行性····························5美国密歇根州力争到 2040 年实现 100% 清洁电网································6加拿大经验：如何在体制层面促进煤炭社区的全面转型····························7加拿大公布取消油气补贴详细计划··············································8德国经验：可再生能源市场整合···············································10煤炭就业大幅减少，捷克如何支持资源型地区转型？·····························13捷克修订国家计划，目标 2033 年前淘汰煤炭、2050 年前淘汰油气················14欧盟推出新规 限制化石能源产业的甲烷排放·····································15印度新建煤电厂需履行 40% 可再生能源发电义务································16 企业行动·······················································17 澳大利亚 AGL 能源公司加快关闭燃煤电厂以应对气候变化························17美国多电力公司煤电厂宣告退役···············································18嘉能可考虑剥离煤炭业务，扩大金属板块·······································21德国公司 EnBW 加速煤炭退出，可再生能源利润飙升····························22德国煤炭巨头的自我重塑·····················································23亚行即将在印尼启动首个煤电提前退役项目·····································23 金融机构行动···················································24 银行行动····························································24 巴克莱银行决定在美国设定更雄心勃勃的煤炭减排目标···························24汇丰银行表示不再为新冶金煤矿提供融资······································25法兰西银行进一步削弱对化石能源的支持·······································25德意志银行进一步收紧煤炭融资政策··········································26日本三井住友银行将在 2040 年全面退出煤炭投资······························26哈佛教授：银行弃煤的影响力“超出预期”······································27 非银行金融机构行动··················································28 不投资化石能源就无处可投？低碳上市公司表现更优秀···························28荷兰国际集团再次收紧油气贷款政策···········································30丘博保险更新油气开采承保标准 要求客户减少甲烷排放···························30国际金融公司 IFC 将停止支持新煤炭项目·······································31风险投资公司首次成立“净零联盟” · · ·· ·················· ······ ···· · · · · ····31新加坡大型非上市公司面临强制气候披露要求···································32 研究及分析·····················································34 能源智库Ember：全球电力排放或已在2022年达峰·····························34越南缺电：需要整个电力系统的改造···········································35煤电是广东经济和电力保供的解药吗？·········································36中国电力市场改革中的“监管俘获”及效率损失···································39推动煤炭资源型地区公正转型，确保高质量发展和共同富裕·······················40联合国报告：化石能源生产与气候目标还差多远？·······························42IEA报告首次预计全球煤炭需求量下降，地区差异值得注意························46 低碳产业及供应链· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·46 欧盟《零碳工业法案》：40%清洁产品要自产，特别支持8种战略性零碳技术······475 年内全球风电预计新增 680 吉瓦，供应链瓶颈不容忽视························47ICCT 全球汽车制造商评级：谁是电动汽车转型的领跑者？························48IRENA 新报告聚焦关键原材料 呼吁供应链多样化································49国际能源署：新能源经济的兴起速度超预期·····································49孟加拉国：能源进口成本过高，本地光伏潜力可观·······························51巴基斯坦：新能源政策激励趋向打造本土产业链·································54光伏开路 非洲可再生能源投资持续增加·········································57非洲可持续发展投资的风险与回报·············································59电动汽车对电力需求侧灵活性的贡献···········································60欧盟反补贴调查在德引起争议·················································63英国酝酿在 2026 年推出碳边境税··············································64 国际气候治理·················································65 专家评价：七国集团峰会支持液化天然气是气候目标的倒退·······················66新全球融资契约峰会回顾：来势十足但成果有限·································66碳信用额全球新基准发布·····················································67非洲气候峰会闭幕，哪些进展值得关注？·······································68G20 联合声明：力争 2030 年可再生能源装机增加两倍···························69联合国大会：在能源转型上有什么信号？·······································69气候损失损害基金：美国提议由世行托管遭反对·································70COP28 上加拿大甲烷减排新法规大获赞声，却引地方政府不满····················71COP28 上关于退煤的新倡议有哪些？··········································72 内容来源·············································73 关于绿色创新发展研究院 绿色创新发展研究院（Institute for Global Decarbonization Progress），简称：研究院（iGDP），是专注绿色低碳发展的公益性战略咨询平台，2014年成立于北京，旨在成为具领先专业素养和独立影响力的国际化智库。研究院根植我国地方绿色低碳实践，面向全球应对气候变化进程，为决策者、投资者和社区提供具有国际视野和前瞻思考的解决方案及公益性知识产品。 研究院通过跨学科、系统性、实证性的政策研究，推动能源和气候变化解决方案的科学化和精细化，提升实施力度和投资可行性；研究院致力与多方合作，共同推动实现零排放的未来，立足本土，讲述中国绿色低碳发展故事。 报告撰写 韩迪李斯吟姚喆联系邮箱：igdpoffice@igdp.cn 致谢 特别感谢绿色创新发展研究院创始人、董事胡敏，以及绿色创新发展研究院的同事汪燕辉、杨鹂、朱彤昕、肖凝、张小丽、包林洁、李颖，实习生梁梦瑜对本项目的大力支持。 引用建议 韩迪,李斯吟,姚喆.(2023). 2023全球退煤进展追踪报告[R].北京：绿色创新发展研究院 版权说明 本报告基于“宜减煤”微信公众号编译发布的国内外媒体的报道，其版权属于原作者所有。其他媒体、网站或个人转载使用时不得用于商业用途，也不得歪曲和篡改本报告所发布的内容。本报告转载其它媒体作品的目的在于传递更多信息，并不代表本报告赞同其观点和对其真实性负责；其他媒体、网站或个人转载使用时法律责任自负。 前言 2023年，全球日渐从疫情中恢复，但能源市场、地缘政治和世界经济仍动荡不安，化石能源系统的脆弱性、不稳定性在复杂的国际局势中凸显；同时，清洁能源迎来重要发展机遇，以太阳能光伏和电动车为首的新清洁能源经济蓬勃发展。各国积极探索非化石能源替代，减少碳排放的有效途径，以寻求自身的能源安全保障，推进绿色低碳转型。 化石能源转型是应对气候挑战的核心，这一变革不仅关乎能源结构的改变，更涉及到低碳产业及供应链的建设。推动低碳产业的发展，加强对可再生能源和清洁技术的研发与应用，是实现气候目标、提升能源效率的重要途径。面对不断加深的气候危机，要求也亟需全球各方最广泛的参与，凝聚合力、加强合作。 《2023全球