In 2023, the mining and metals sector must be prepared for a range of challenges, including inflationary cost pressures, geopolitical risks, and supply chain disruptions. Despite ESG concerns being overtaken by these factors, it is expected that investors and firms will continue to prioritize ESG considerations. The industry is also facing concerns around energy costs, climate change regulation, and labor shortages. The annual survey of industry participants conducted by White & Case shows a mixed outlook for the year ahead, with respondents indicating that inflation and geopolitics are the biggest concerns, followed by supply chain disruptions and climate-related issues. Despite the uncertainty, the fourth quarter of 2022 saw the largest amount of investment in the sector in over a decade.