清华大学经济管理学院中国保险与风险管理研究中心（CCIRM）成立于 2008 年 4 月 29 日。中心得到了国际著名保险机构苏黎世保险集团的大力支持。中心使命：建成国际一流的保险与风险管理研究基地，特别是在保险市场发展和监管研究方面，成为亚洲一流的研究中心。中心主要目标：不断提高清华经管学院在保险与风险管理方面的教学和科研水平；加强中国与世界在保险与风险管理研究领域的国际交流与合作；成为政府与保险业界有良好声誉并值得信赖的咨询与合作中心。中心主要工作：定期举办高水平的国际学术活动，不定期举办研讨会；邀请国内外学者来中心进行合作研究和学术交流；承接国家和部委及保险业界的研究课题；与相关的政府部门，保险业界和学术机构开展理论实证研究。同方全球人寿保险有限公司（简称同方全球人寿）由荷兰全球人寿保险集团（Aegon）与同方股份有限公司（THTF）各出资 50% 组建而成，公司于 2003 年正式获得营业执照，在中国开展寿险业务。截止目前公司注册资本为 24 亿元，资产规模超过 170 亿元，为全国逾百万客户提供周全的保险保障。迄今，公司已在上海、北京、江苏、山东、浙江、广东、天津、青岛、河北、湖北、福建、四川、深圳等省市设立了多家分支机构。同方全球人寿凭借股东百年寿险经验和领先科技能力，致力于帮助客户未雨稠缪，实现财务保障，安享未来。我们的目标是成为中国最值得推荐的人寿保险公司。报告发起方介绍 1 · 摘 要2 · 项目背景及概况4 · 中国居民的退休准备3 · 中国居民的退休生活愿景和预期1.1 退休愿景与预期：延续乐观预期，信心稳中有进 ····················································021.2 退休准备：中国居民退休准备指数继续上升 ························································031.3 退休规划：养老保障“三支柱”体系仍需完善 ······················································031.4 专题研究结论 ················································································042.1 项目背景 ····················································································062.1.1 人口老龄化程度加剧 ········································································062.1.2 人口出生率下降，老年抚养比攀升 ·····························································072.1.3 现行三支柱养老金体系存在不足与失衡 ·························································082.2 项目概况 ····················································································09 2.2.1 项目的提出 ···············································································092.2.2 调查对象、内容及目标 ······································································102.2.3 问卷设计 ·················································································112.2.4 调研过程 ·················································································114.1 居民退休准备指数测算 ·········································································444.1.1 2021 年中国居民退休准备指数继续上升 ························································444.1.2 中国居民退休准备指数全球排名上升 ···························································484.1.3 国内不同地区退休准备指数的比较 ·····························································503.1 退休生活愿景 ················································································203.1.1 总体情况 ·················································································203.1.2 客观因素对退休生活愿景的影响 ······························································213.1.3 主观因素对退休生活愿景的影响 ······························································233.2 退休年龄预期 ················································································263.2.1 总体情况 ·················································································263.2.2 财务状况与退休预期：高收入人群延迟退休意愿更加强烈 ··········································273.2.3 工作认同与退休预期：更强的工作认同会激励居民延迟退休 ·········································273.2.4 家庭责任与退休预期：照看责任激励提前退休，而婚姻关系鼓励延迟退休 ·····························293.3 退休过渡方式 ················································································303.3.1 未退休者对退休过渡方式的设想 ·······························································303.3.2 已退休者对退休过渡方式的回顾 ······························································313.3.3 中国居民提前或延迟退休的原因 ······························································32 3.4 退休生活信心 ················································································343.4.1 总体情况：整体信心程度强，已退休者信心稍逊 ·················································343.4.2 年龄与信心程度：退休信心随年龄递增，但在 70 岁后发生骤降 ·····································353.4.3 工作与信心程度：高级别、高收入工作者退休信心水平更高 ········································36 3.4.4 对后代的退休生活信心：对后代退休信心相对保守 ················································38 3.5 退休生活压力 ················································································393.5.1 退休压力来源：压力来源多样化，身体健康状况是首要担忧 ········································393.5.2 退休财务压力：退休后财务压力普遍存在，但强度较低 ············································393.6 退休与健康 ··················································································403.6.1 退休后健康困扰：普遍对退休后身体健康状况表示担忧 ············································403.6.2 退休后健康习惯养成：缺乏专业指导，工作压力为主要阻力 ········································413.6.3 对雇主健康支持的期待：期待健康配套设施和锻炼机会 ············································425 · 中国居民的退休规划6 · 专题研究7 · 建 议8· 附 录4.2 高准备指数人群画像 ···········································································504.2.1 个人特征：性别差异基本消除，准备指数随年龄增长 ··············································514.2.2 家庭特征：已婚的稳定家庭指数更高 ···························································514.2.3 地域特征：西部欠发达地区指数更高 ···························································524.2.4 工作特征：高层级工作、收入满足基本生活的居民指数更高 ········································534.2.5 教育特征：接受过高等教育的居民指数更高 ·····················································554.2.6 健康特征：高指数居民的健康习惯良好，医疗