“生产数据要素×”三年行动计划

The following Chinese government plan calls for making data more plentiful and accessiblein industries such as manufacturing, agriculture, transportation,finance, scientific research,and healthcare. The plan covers the years 2024-2026 and focuses on breaking downbureaucratic and other barriers to theflow of data. It also advocates using the resulting datato train large sector-specific AI models. Title Three-Year Action Plan for "Data Factor of Production ×"“数据要素×”三年行动计划 Authors National Data Administration (国家数据局), Office of the Central Cyberspace Affairs Commission (中央网信办; also known as the Cyberspace Administration of China [CAC;国家网信办]), Ministry of Scienceand Technology (MOST;科技部), Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT;工业和信息化部), Ministry of Transport (交通运输部), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas (农业农村部), Ministryof Commerce (MOFCOM;商务部), Ministry of Culture and Tourism (文化和旅游部), National HealthCommission (国家卫生健康委), Ministry of Emergency Management (应急管理部), People's Bank ofChina (PBOC;中国人民银行), National Financial Regulatory Administration (金融监管总局), NationalHealthcare Security Administration (国家医保局), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS;中国科学院),China Meteorological Administration (中国气象局), National Cultural Heritage Administration (国家文物局), National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (国家中医药局) Source Three-Year Action Plan for "Data Factor of Production ×" (2024–2026) Giving full play to the amplification, superposition, and multiplication effects ofthe data factor of production (数据要素) and building a digital economy in which dataserve as a key factor of production are inevitable requirements for promoting high-quality development. ThisAction Planis formulated in order to thoroughlyimplement the spirit of the 20th Party Congress and the Central Economic WorkConference, implement theOpinions of the CCP Central Committee and the StateCouncil on Constructing a Basic System for Data and Putting Data Factors ofProduction to Better Use,1fully unleash the multiplier effect of the data factor ofproduction, and empower economic and social development. I.Activating the Potential of the Data Factor of Production As a new round of scientific and technological (S&T) revolution and industrialtransformation deepens and develops, the value of data as a key factor of production(生产要素) has become increasingly prominent. Leveraging the characteristics of thedata factor of production, such as increasing returns to scale and low-cost reuse, canoptimize resource allocation, empower the real economy, develop new qualityproductive forces (新质生产力), and drive profound transformations in production anddaily life, economic development, and social governance. This is of great significancefor promoting high-quality development. In recent years, China’s digital economy has developed rapidly, the scale andcapacity of digital infrastructure have risen markedly, and digital technologies andindustrial systems have become increasingly mature, laying a solid foundation forbetter leveraging the role of the data factor of production. At the same time, problemsremain, including insufficient data supply quality, impeded circulation mechanisms, andfailure to unleash the potential for applications. Implementing the "Data Factor ofProduction ×" initiative is intended to leverage China’s multiple advantages, such as itsultra-large-scale market, massive data resources, and abundant application scenarios,to promote coordination between the data factor of production and other factors suchas labor and capital; to use dataflows to lead technologyflows, capitalflows, talentflows, and materialflows; to break through constraints imposed by traditional resourcefactors of production; and to raise total factor productivity. It will also promote theapplication of data across multiple scenarios and reuse by multiple entities, cultivatenew products and services based on the data factor of production, realize knowledgediffusion and value multiplication, and open up new space for economic growth. Inaddition, it will accelerate the integration of diverse data and use the expansion of datascale and the enrichment of data types to drive innovation and upgrading of productiontools, foster new industries and new models, and cultivate new dynamism (新动能) for economic development. II.Overall Requirements (1)Guiding Ideology Guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a NewEra, thisAction Planthoroughly implements the guiding principles of the 20th PartyCongress; fully, accurately, and comprehensively applies the new concept ofdevelopment (新发展理念); gives play to the foundational resource role and innovativeengine role of data; and follows the laws of digital economy development. Withpromoting the high-level application of the data factor of production as the mainthread, and with advancing the coordinated optimization of the data factor ofproduction, efficiency gains through reuse, and integrated innovation as th