土地管理项目经济分析：TTL操作指南

© 2022 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank1818 H Street NWWashington DC 20433Telephone: 202-473-1000Internet: www.worldbank.org This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. Thefindings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy, completeness, or currency of the dataincluded in this work and does not assume responsibility for any errors, omissions, ordiscrepancies in the information, or liability with respect to the use of or failure to use theinformation, methods, processes, or conclusions set forth. The boundaries, colors,denominations, links/footnotes and other information shown in this work do not imply Nothing herein shall constitute or be construed or considered to be a limitation upon orwaiver of the privileges and immunities of The World Bank, all of which are specifically Rights and Permissions The material in this work is subject to copyright. Because The World Bank encouragesdissemination of its knowledge, this work may be reproduced, in whole or in part, for Any queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed toWorld Bank Publications, The World Bank Group, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC20433, USA; fax: 202-522-2625; e-mail: pubrights@worldbank.org Economic AnAlysis A Guidancenote forttls Table of Contents Economic Analysis of Land Administration Projects:A Guidance Note for TTLsIntroduction CHAPTER 1: The Value of Economic Analyses EA as a Tool to Prioritize Investment ProjectsEA to Support Project Management CHAPTER 2: Economic Analysis Design and Implementation Step 1: Identifying the Problem to SolveStep 2: Selecting an EA MethodStep 3: Estimating the Project’s Benefits and Costs CHAPTER 3: Recommendations for TTLs27 Annexures31 Annex 1: Generic Theory of Change for Land Projects31Annex 2: World Bank’s Operation Manual and Economic Analysis33 Economic AnAlysis oflAnd "... the elaboration of guidelines for project evaluation and formulation is not a one-shot,one-time affair that can stop after any given point; it is rather a continuing procedure wherethe written down methodology or set of principles must continually be updated, revised and introduction Land administration projects, like many other development challenges, are complex, sensitive, anddifficult to implement. They may involve amending or creating new laws, developing informationand communication technology (ICT) systems to record titles, demarcating public lands, recognizingcustomaryrights,providing accurate geospatial information,setting up dispute-resolutionmechanisms, or building capacity at different administrative levels. This vast spectrum of potential An economic analysis (EA) is the main tool World Bank (WB) teams use to estimate whether a projectwill have a positive impact on its beneficiaries and to indicate whether the WB and its clients shouldinvest in it. EAs are required by WB policy, yet they are far from being just an administrative burden.They are an effective tool for improving project design, developing strong result frameworks, The objective of this guidance note is to help task team leaders recognize the value of an EA, todescribe its basics elements, and to show how to carry one out. This holistic understanding willenable TTLs to start working on an EA early on, to assign enough resources to carry it out, and toefficiently make use of it. Yet, this guidance note does not set out details for all eventualities. The The structure of the guide is as follows. Chapter 1 presents the value of carrying out an economicanalysis. Chapter 2 introduces a detailed four-step guide to implement an EA that will help taskteams3identify the problem to solve, choose the best EA approach, describe the main elementsof a cost-benefit analysis, and estimate the project’s monetary impact. This section also explores Chapter 1 The Value of Economic In essence, an economic analysis evaluates the benefits and costs of a project. If benefits exceedcosts, the project is acceptable; if not, the project should be rejected. However, a sound economicanalysis is much more than a formula to decide whether to move forward with a project. Agood economic analysis also forces us to think about how the world would look without theproject. It helps us to identify plausible or mutually exclusive alternatives with different technicalspecifications, policy or institutional reforms, location, beneficiaries, financial arrangements, This section examines three reasons why EAs are valuable and explains why TTLs should have aneconomic analysis handy when preparing their projects. First, it presents how an economic analysiscan help a society invest its limited resources into their best possible use and contribute to fulfillingits objectives. Second, it describes how an EA can be useful to TTLs throughout the entire project EAAsAtool toPrior