国际能源署PVPS洞察2025

PV2025 PHOTOVOLTAICPOWERSYSTEMSTECHNOLOGYCOLLABORATIONPROGRAMME PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER SYSTEMS PROGRAMME Insights2025 DISCLAIMER TheIEAPVPSTCPisorganisedundertheauspicesoftheInternationalEnergyAgency(IEA)butisfunctionallyandlegallyautonomous. Views, findings and publications ofthe IEA PVPS TCP do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the IEA Secretariat or its individualmembercountries. COPYRIGHT STATEMENT This content may be freely used, copied and redistributed, provided appropriate credit is given (please refer to the ‘Suggested Citation’). The exception is that somelicensed images may not be copied, as specified in the individual image captions. COVER PICTURE PV system in China before sunset.Credit: huangyifei via istock. ISBN 978-1-923734-01-2 TABLE OF CONTENTS 15 PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER SYSTEMS PROGRAMME 3 STATUS OF PV MODULE RECYCLING IN VARIOUS COUNTRIES15 INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY3IEA PVPSMISSION AND OBJECTIVES4 STANDARDISATION16SUSTAINABILITY STANDARDS16BIPV STANDARDS16 RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS 20255 GLOBAL PV MARKET AND INDUSTRY ANALYSIS6 UPDATESFROMOURTASKS17 IMPLEMENTING PV SYSTEMS IN DIFFERENTENVIRONMENTS AND CLIMATES7 TASK 1: MARKET ANALYSIS18TASK 12: SUSTAINABILITY20TASK 13: RELIABILITY AND PERFORMANCE22TASK 15: BIPV24TASK 16: SOLAR RESOURCE26TASK 17: PV & TRANSPORT28TASK 18: OFF-GRID AND EDGE-OF-GRID PV SYSTEMS30TASK 19: PV INTEGRATION32TASK 20: HYDROGEN ENERGY HUBS34ACTION GROUP AGRIVOLTAICS36 AGRIVOLTAIC SYSTEMS7FLOATING PV SYSTEMS8PV IN DIFFERENT CLIMATES8PV AND EXTREME WEATHER EVENTS8 OFF-GRID PV SYSTEMS9LI-ION BATTERIES9DIGITAL TOOLS9 SOLAR RESOURCE AND FORECASTING10 SOLAR IRRADIANCE MONITORING STATIONS10PROBABILISTIC FORECASTING10EVALUATING THE QUALITY OF PROBABILISTIC FORECASTING11 DEGRADATION AND LOSSES IN PV MODULES11 DEGRADATION AND FAILURE MODES11SOILING LOSSES: MONITORING, MODELLINGAND MITIGATION11 PHOTOVOLTAICS FOR TRANSPORT12 VEHICLE-INTEGRATED PV (VIPV)12MARKET ENTRY OF VIPV12EFFECT OF CURVED VEHICLE ROOFS ON SOLARPERFORMANCE13PV FOR ELECTRIC CHARGING STATIONS13 TECHNICAL GUIDEBOOK FOR ARCHITECTS, ENGINEERS,BUILDING OWNERS AND POLICY MAKERS14COMPARING BIPV INNOVATION ECOSYSTEMS IN SEVENCOUNTRIES14REDUCING COOLING DEMAND IN INTEGRATEDPHOTOVOLTAICS15 PHOTOVOLTAIC POWERSYSTEMS PROGRAMME INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY IEA PVPS The International Energy Agency (IEA), founded in November 1974, is anautonomousbody within the framework of the Organisation forEconomic Cooperation and Development(OECD), which carries out acomprehensive programme of energy cooperation among its membercountries. The European Union also participates in the IEA’s work.Collaboration inresearch, development and demonstration (RD&D) ofenergytechnologies has been an important part of the IEA’sProgramme. The IEA Photovoltaic Power Systems Programme (PVPS) is one of theTechnology Collaboration Programmes (TCP) established within theIEA, and since its establishment in 1993, the PVPS participants havebeenconducting a variety of joint projects in the application ofphotovoltaic conversion of solar energy into electricity. Theoverall programme is headed by an Executive Committeecomposed of representatives from each participating country andorganisation, while the management of individual research projects(Tasks) is the responsibility of Task Managers. The IEA RD&D activities are headed by the Committee on Research andTechnology(CERT),supported by the IEA secretariat staff,withheadquarters in Paris. In addition,fiveWorking Parties onIndustrialDecarbonization,Building and Transport,FossilEnergy and CarbonManagement, Renewable Energy Technologies and Fusion Power, arecharged with monitoring the various collaborative energy agreements,identifying new areas of cooperation and advising the CERT on policymatters. By the beginning of 2026, twenty Tasks were established within the PVPSprogramme, of which nine are currently operational. The thirty-onePVPS membersinclude twenty-eight countries: Australia, Austria,Belgium, Canada, China, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, India,Israel,Italy,Japan,Korea,Lithuania,Malaysia,Morocco,theNetherlands,Norway,Portugal,South Africa,Spain,Sweden,Switzerland, Thailand, Turkey, the United Kingdom, and the UnitedStates of America; as well as the European Commission, Solar PowerEurope and the Solar Energy Research Institute of Singapore. The Renewable EnergyTechnologiesWorking Party (REWP) overseesthe work oftwelverenewable energy agreements and is supported bythe Renewable Energy Division,Directorate of Energy Market andSecurityat the IEA Secretariat in Paris, France. MISSION AND OBJECT IVES CURRENT TERM 2023-2028 In its 7th term from 2023 to 2028 IEA PVPS continues its commitment toadvancinginternational cooperation in the field of photovoltaictechnology. With 31 member countries contributing to its success overthe past33 years, PVPS outlines a strategic orientation aimed atsupporting the overarching goals of IEA in terms of energy security,climate cha