量子计算和网络的量子硬件抽象层

Quantum Hardware Abstraction Layer forQuantum Computing and NetworkingVersion 1.0 21 December 2022 This is a Whitepaper of the GSMASecurityClassification: Non-confidential Access to and distribution of this document is restricted to the persons permitted by the securityclassification. This document is confidential to the Association and is subject to copyright protection. Thisdocument is to be used only for the purposes for which it has been supplied and information contained in itmust not be disclosed or in any other way made available, in whole or in part, to persons other than thosepermitted under the security classification without the prior written approval of the Association. Copyright Notice Copyright © 2022 GSM Association Disclaimer The GSM Association (“Association”) makes no representation, warranty or undertaking (express or implied)with respect to and does notaccept any responsibility for, and hereby disclaims liability for the accuracy orcompleteness or timeliness of the information contained in this document. The information contained in thisdocument may be subject to change without prior notice. AntitrustNotice The information contain herein is in full compliance with the GSM Association’s antitrustcompliance policy. About the GSMA Internet Group The GSMA Internet Group (IG) is the key working group whichresearch, analyses and measures the potentialopportunities and impacts of new web and internet technologies on mobile operator networks andplatforms. We maintain the most up-to-date knowledgebase of new internet and web innovations throughintelligence gathering of available global research and active participation in key Standards organisations. www.gsma.com/workinggroups TableofContent 31 Introduction.........................................................................................................................................51.1 The Second Quantum Revolution.................................................................................................51.2 Overview and scope......................................................................................................................61.3 Abbreviations................................................................................................................................81.4 References....................................................................................................................................82 Quantum Infrastructures...................................................................................................................112.1 Definitions and Models...............................................................................................................112.2 Examples of Quantum Infrastructures........................................................................................122.2.1 QKD Networks......................................................................................................................122.2.2 Cloud QC/HPC interconnected with quantum links.............................................................122.2.3 Quantum Internet................................................................................................................123 Management and Control of Quantum Infrastructures....................................................................133.1 Control and Management.......................................................................................................133.2 Orchestration..........................................................................................................................153.3 Interworking and interoperability scenarios...........................................................................164 Quantum-HAL for Quantum Computing and Networking.................................................................204.1 High level architectural definitions.........................................................................................214.1.1Examples of Hardware Abstraction Level in Quantum Computing.....................................214.1.2 Examples of Hardware Abstraction Level in Quantum Communications............................224.2 Possible Data modelling languages and protocols..................................................................245 State-of-the-art on abstractions and data modelling........................................................................255.1Standardization Bodies...........................................................................................................255.1.1 ETSI–QKD............................................................................................................................255.1.2 ITU-T Q16/SG13...................................................................................................................255.1.3 IEEE P1913................................................................................................