国内制造能力和风电行业潜在的网络安全挑战及未来发展方向

March, 2024 Acknowledgments Thisreport was prepared underthe chairmanshipof Dr. V. K.Saraswat, Member (Energy) &guidance of Sh. Rajnath Ram, Adviser (Energy), NITI Aayog.We extend our sincere gratitudetoMinistry of Power (MoP), Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE), Central ElectricityAuthority (CEA), Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY), National Instituteof Wind Energy (NIWE), Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In), Solar Energy We acknowledge all other stakeholderswhocontributedinthesuccessful completion of the FinalReport on "Domestic Manufacturing Capacity & Potential Cyber Security Challenges in the Wind Contents Executive Summary......................................................................................................................................4Wind Energy Potential..................................................................................................................................6Table 1:Potential of Wind by windy states..........................................................................................6Policy incentives for domestic wind manufacturing.....................................................................................7Domestic Manufacturing Capacity of Wind Turbine Component................................................................7Table 2: Status of Domestic Manufacturing Capacity..........................................................................7Table 3: Domestic Manufacturing Capacity:Local& Import share....................................................8Table 4: Domestic Manufacturing Capacity: Critical Minerals Availability Analysis.........................9Support offered to manufacturers:..............................................................................................................12The Way Forward for improving Domestic Manufacturing Capacity in the Wind sector..........................12 Executive Summary This comprehensive report delves intothe dynamic landscape of India's wind energy sector,aiming to address critical challengesof cyber securityand capitalize on opportunities. The report'sprimary focus is to raise specific concernsof cyber security due to import (specially from China)ofthe Wind Sector components byWind Turbine Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs). As the wind energy sector globally achieves substantial growth, reaching a cumulative installedcapacity of 906 GW in 2022 with a notable 9% year-on-year increase, India emerges as a crucialplayer. Ranked fourth globally in installed wind power capacity, India plays a pivotal role in Despite the significant potential highlighted by the National Institute of Wind Energy, only 6% ofthe assessed capacity has been realized, signalling room for substantial growth. The reportunderscores the robust policy framework supporting domestic wind manufacturing, coupled with A noteworthy aspect is the escalating competition with China, holding a 61% share of global wind-turbine assembly capacity. The report addresses challenges faced by the RoDTEP scheme, aimedat boosting India's exports, and emphasizes the exclusion from the Advance Authorization scheme The second half of the report delves into the challenges and opportunities surrounding India's windenergy sector, with a focus on domestic manufacturing capacity and potential cybersecurity i.Manufacturing Capacity Challenges:The report identifies critical challenges in the manufacturing of key components such as blades, towers, gearboxes, and bearings. Issuessuch as the lack of availability of non-standard sizes, quality concerns, and inconsistentdemand have resulted in a significant reliance on imports, hindering the growth of domesticmanufacturing capacity.ii.Critical Minerals Availability Analysis:A detailed analysis of critical minerals requiredfor wind turbine components reveals challenges in the availability of materials such asbalsa wood, specialized resins, and steel plates with non-standard specifications. Import foreign origin especially neighboring countries, need to be examined and call needs to be taken for their suspension while not adhering to the protocol.The report emphasizes thepotential risks associated with cyberattacks on wind turbines, including the compromise ofgrid operations, especially when managed remotely by owners stationed outside India. Theneed for robust security measures is crucial to safeguard national infrastructure.iv.Competitive Landscape and Incentives:The global competitive landscape is discussed,with China emerging as a major competitor in wind equipment exports. The report outlinesthe incentives provided by the Indian government, such as the Remission ofDuties andTaxes on Export Products (RoDTEP) scheme, while acknowledging challenges, includingthe exclusion from the Advance Authorization scheme and increased manufacturing costs.v.Mandatory Certification of foreign Software/Hardware:Certification and approvalofallIPR