汽车工业：推动印度参与全球价值链

Powering India’s participation inGlobal Value Chains Automotive Industry:Powering India’sparticipation in GlobalValue Chains Disclaimer NITIAayog collaborated with its knowledgepartners, including CRISIL, in the preparation ofthis report. While due care has been exercised to prepare thereport using the data from various sources, NITIAayog does not confirm the authenticity of dataand accuracy of the methodology to prepare thereport. All data cited, including that from verifiedGovernmentsources have been interpretedsolely by our knowledge partners. While due care has also been exercised to ensuretheaccuracy of the analysis and argumentssupported by existing literature, the possibilityof alternate interpretations cannot be ruled out.NITI Aayog shall not be held responsible for thefindings or opinions expressed in the document. Contents AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY: POWERING INDIA’S PARTICIPATION IN GLOBAL VALUE CHAINSMessage by Vice ChairmaniMessage by MemberiiMessage by CEOiiiMessage by Programme DirectorvPrefaceviiExecutive SummaryviiiChapter 1: Introduction11.1Global Manufacturing Landscape21.1.1Regional Shifts and the Rise of Emerging Markets41.1.2Electric Vehicle (EV) Revolution and Its Impact on Manufacturing41.1.3 The Shift to Advanced Manufacturing51.2Role of the Automotive Sector in Transforming Global Manufacturing51.2.1Technology Adoption in the Automotive Industry61.2.2Industry 4.0 and the Future of Automotive Manufacturing61.2.3Sustainability and Circular Economy Practices71.2.4Linkages with Other Sectors: Electronics, AI, and Semiconductors81.3Role of the Automotive Industry in Indian Manufacturing Sector91.3.1Automotive Production and Market Overview91.3.2Government Initiatives Supporting the Automotive Sector91.3.3Emerging Trends in Indian Automotive Manufacturing111.4Interconnectedness of Indian Automobile Sector with Other Industries111.5Auto System Overview13Chapter 2: India’s automotive industry and its positioning in Automotive GVC172.1Historical Evolution and Market Overview of the Indian Automotive Industry 182.1.1 Automotive Market and GVC192.1.2Consumption and Trade Dynamics of Major Markets in Global Automotive sector 212.2Auto component GVC and India’s Trade Scenario Across Components232.2.1Analysing Auto Components: Global Segmentation and India’s Contribution23Chapter 3: Key Drivers and Challenges for India’s Participation in Automotive GVC433.1Global Trends in Auto Component GVC44 AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY: POWERING INDIA’S PARTICIPATION IN GLOBAL VALUE CHAINS AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY: POWERING INDIA’S PARTICIPATION IN GLOBAL VALUE CHAINS AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY: POWERING INDIA’S PARTICIPATION IN GLOBAL VALUE CHAINS PREFACE The Indian automotive industry stands at a pivotal juncture, poised to redefine its role intheglobal manufacturing landscape.As the world transitions toward electric mobility,autonomous driving, and sustainable production, the automotive sector offers India a uniqueopportunity to emerge as a key player in the global value chain (GVC). This report, thesecond in the series of Global Value Chains, titled“Automotive Industry: Powering India’sparticipation in Global Value Chains”, explores the transformative potential of India’s autocomponent industry, outlining a strategic roadmap to elevate its global salience and driveeconomic prosperity. Historically, the automotive sector has been a cornerstone of industrialgrowth, fostering innovation, employment, and cross-sectoral linkages. In India, the industryhas made significant strides, positioning the country as the world’s fourth-largest automobileproducer. Yet, despite this achievement, India’s share in the global traded auto componentmarket remains modest at just 3%, reflecting untapped potential and underlying challenges.With a near-neutral trade balance and a cumulative cost disability of nearly 10% compared tocompetitors like China, India’s auto component sector faces structural hurdles that impede itscompetitiveness. These include supply chain inefficiencies, high material and equipment costs,and limited penetration in high-precision segments like engine and transmission systems. This report envisions a bold future where India’s automotive component production reaches$145 billion by 2030, with auto component exports tripling to $60 billion, yielding a tradesurplus of $25 billion. Such growth promises to create 2-2.5 million additional direct jobs,bolster ancillary industries, and elevate India’s GVC share to 8%. Achieving this ambition,however, demands a concerted effort to address cost disadvantages, enhance infrastructure,and integrate advanced technologies such as Industry 4.0. The shift toward electric vehicles(EVs) and next-generation features like Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) furtherunderscores the urgency of aligning India’s capabilities with global trends. AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY: POWERING INDIA’S PARTICIPATION IN GLOBAL VALUE CHAINSTo realize this vision, we propose a comprehensive set of fiscal and non-