日本第二次国家自主贡献：促进经济增长、改善能源安全和加强工业竞争力的机会

December2025 We are proud to partner with We Mean Business Coalition on this report, highlightingthe important role Japanese companies will play in implementing Japan's second NDC.As we declared in our statement to the Japanese government in November 2024,' the7th Strategic Energy Plan and the second NDC are exfremely important documents thatwill determine Japan's near-term future. As the UN warns that decarbonization effortsmust accelerate to keep the 1.5*C goal within reach, Japan's climate policies and thestate of energy supply and demand will not only have a strong impact on ensuring asafe and healthy future - they will also shape the future of Japan's industry andeconomy, as well as its competitiveness and position in the international community. Forewords Now is the time for Japan to improve energy efficiency and accelerate renewable energydeployment in order to quickly transition away from fossil fuels. Japan has already agreed to accelerate efforts to scale up renewable energy, improve energyefficiency, and transition away from fossil fuels at COP28, and to phase out coal-fired powergeneration in the first half of 2030s at the G7 Climate, Energy and Environment MinistersMeefing in April 2024. Therefore, the phase-out of coal-fired power generafion by 2035 andthe transition away from other fossil fuels as quickly as possible towards 2050 whilemaximizing the improvement of energy efficiency and the deployment of renewable energy areinternational commitments that Japan must fulfil. Various estimates based on scientific grounds show that Japan has sufficient potential to triplerenewable energy in electricity to 6.5-80% by 2035. To steadily fulfil these international commitments, we call on the Japanese government tourgently create a foundation for the ultimale improvement in energy efficiency in buildings andproduct development by making full use of already available technologies as well as theacceleration of the renewable energy deployment centered on solar and wind. We believe that for Japan fo achieve sustainable growth and decarbonization, it is necessaryfor diverse stakeholders to work together and share their knowledge and experience. JCI willdeepen its collaborafion with domestic andl internaftional non-state actors and governments tocontribute to the realization of the 1.5°C goal. Sergio Kato and Takejiro Sueyoshi Co-Representatives, Japan Climate Initiative Japan's second Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) comes at a pivotal momentfor both the country and the global economy, As one of the world's largest advancedeconomies and a major manufacturing and export hub, Japan's choices on energy andindustrial policy will resonate far beyond its borders. The global transition fo cleanenergy is reshaping trade, investment, and competitiveness, and countries that movefastest will capfure the benefits of growth, innovation, and resilience in a low-carbonworld. Japan has the technology, capital, and expertise to lead this transformafion. By settingemerging global markets for clean technologies and strengthen its role as a trusted partner inthe Indo-Pacific and beyond. Strong climate action will not only enhance Japan's energysecurity but also reinforce its global economic leadership at a time when the world needsgreater stability and cooperation. Leading Japanese businesses are ready to play their part. Many are already investing ininnovafion and decarbonization, shifing to renewable energy, and electrifying their processesand operations. What they need now is clear and predictable policy direction to unlock furtherprivate investment af scale We Mean Business Coalition is proud to partner with the Japan Climate Initiafive on this report.It highlights how an ambitious and investible NDC can strengthen Japan's globalcompetitiveness and help shape a cleaner, more prosperous future for Japanese businessesand people. Maria Mendiluce CEO, We Mean Business Coalition Japan's second Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC), submitted in February2025, sets new targets to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 60% in 2035 and73% in 2040 from 2013 levels, while reaffirming its goal to reach net zero emissions by2050. These targets are less ambitious than the global average reductions required tokeep the 1.5°C goal within reach, and are insufficient given Japan's developed countrystatus, Moreover, by setting weak targets, Japan risks missing out on the economicbenefits of shifting to cleaner energy sources and losing market share in global marketsthat are increasingly rewarding low-carbon products and services. ExecutiveSummary Nevertheless, the NDC provides an opportunity not only to cut emissions but also to stimulateas global markets shift towards clean technologies and products. Japan's emissions fell by 23% between 2013 and 2022. However, it is off track to meet its2030 goal, and its current largets fall short of a 1.5°C-aligned pathway. To contributeboth the phase-out of fossil fuels an