罗兰贝格2050年趋势汇编：健康与护理

The Roland Berger Trend Compendium 2050 focuses on stable, long-termdevelopments …2050 •TheRoland Berger Trend Compendium 2050is a global trend study compiled byRoland Berger Institute (RBI), the think tank of Roland Berger. Our TrendCompendium 2050 describes themost important megatrendsshaping the worldbetweennow and 2050 •Ourtrend views are based on most recent studies, data, and analyses.We critically examine the results for relevance, plausibility, and reliability •We deliberately usepublicly available sourcesto make our analyses verifiable •To incorporate today's uncertainties into strategic planning, we recommendcombining the megatrends of the Roland Berger Trend Compendium 2050with theRoland Berger scenario planning approach Is it worth dealing with megatrends when globally impactful events such as the coronavirus pandemic, the war in Ukraine,and the shift of global trade policies are taking place? Of course!Such events have far-reaching consequences and deeply affect people, economies, and politics but none have derailed themegatrends analyzed herein–such is the inherent nature of megatrends: climate change, societal aging, or technological innovations do notlose their momentum, their direction, or their importance. To cope with such challenges and to master resulting opportunities, our awarenessand our understanding of megatrends is vital–not least to develop sustainable answers. Beyond pandemics: Together, policy makers and health experts must findsolutions for myriad health and caregiving challenges Health& Care Subtrends of megatrend "Health & Care" HealthcareoftheFuture6.2 Caregiving6.3 Global HealthChallenges Healthcare ofthe Future Caregiving Health is a complex phenomenon determined by numerousinterconnected factors Health& Care From cells to systems–Holistic determinants/concept of health HealthcareoftheFuture6.2 Caregiving6.3 Healthis a state ofcomplete physical, mental, and social well-beingand not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.–WHO Constitution, 1948 The foundations for better global health have already been laid-But agingsocieties face new health challenges Health& Care Life expectancy at birth and infant mortality rate, 1950-2050[years, infant deaths per 1,000 live births] •In 1950, theglobal average lifeexpectancy at birthwas just46years.By 2024, this figure hadsurged to 73 years,reflecting asteady and significantrise acrossall world regions.As recently as1800, no region had a lifeexpectancy above 40 years•A major driver of thistransformation has been thesharp decline in child mortality,thoughgains in longevityextendacrossall age groups.Infants,children, adults, and the elderlyare allliving longeras mortalityrates decline, and deaths areincreasingly delayed•This remarkable shift isunderpinned byadvancements inhealthcare, nutrition, sanitation,and medical technology,rangingfrom neonatal care and antibioticsto vaccines and improved publichealth measures, as well asbroader socioeconomic progress,including rising living standards,economic growth, and povertyreduction HealthcareoftheFuture6.2 Caregiving6.3 The Health Index Score shows that health largely dependson a country's development Health& Care Selected top countries according to their Health Index Score, 20241) •The Health Index Scorecompares the health ofdifferent countriesbased on various indicators,which include both thepersonal health of thepopulation,such as life expectancy or obesity,but alsoinstitutional framework conditionssuchas public health expenditure•It is striking that it is thedeveloped countries inparticular that perform wellin the Health IndexScore, while many developing countries performrather poorly•According to the index,fourAsiancountriesperform best,followed by the Scandinaviancountries. Singapore takes first place, followedby Japan and South Korea. In contrast, Chad,South Sudan and the Central African Republicoccupy the last places•Dietary habitshave long been considered akeyfactorin the health disparities between Eastand West. In East Asia,soy and soy-basedproducts are a staple, with previous researchsuggesting they mayoffer protective benefitsagainst cancer and other chronic diseases•Additionally, diets in high-income East Asiancountries arecharacterized by a notably highintake of omega-3 fatty acids, vegetables, andwhole grains,while consumption ofsugar-sweetened beverages remains comparatively low 6.1GlobalHealthChallenges HealthcareoftheFuture6.2 Caregiving6.3 Health challenges are shaped by a dynamic interplay of economic, social,and individual factors that continually influence each other Health& Care Influencing factors shaping human health •Globalization and urbanization,larger cities, denser traffic,and international tradepromotethe rapid spread of diseases•Air pollution, microplastics,and industrial pollutantsarelinked to rising rates ofrespiratory illness, cancer,and hormonal disorders•Despite medical progress,not allpeople haveequal accessto preven