土耳其通过自然资本核算实现绿色增长

Green GrowthThroughNaturalCapitalAccountingin TürkiyePublic Disclosure Authorized ©2025TheWorldBank1818HStreetNW,WashingtonDC20433Telephone:202-473-1000;Internet:www.worldbank.org Somerightsreserved. ThisworkisaproductofTheWorldBankwithexternalcontributions.Thefindings,interpretations,andconclusionsexpressedinthisworkdonotnecessarilyreflecttheviewsoftheExecutiveDirectorsofTheWorldBankorthegovernmentstheyrepresent. TheWorldBankdoesnotguaranteetheaccuracy,completeness,orcurrencyofthedataincludedinthisworkanddoesnotassumeresponsibilityforanyerrors,omissions,ordiscrepanciesintheinformation,orliabilitywithrespecttotheuseoforfailuretousetheinformation,methods,processes,orconclusionssetforth.Theboundaries,colors,denominations,links/footnotesandotherinformationshowninthisworkdonotimplyanyjudgmentonthepartofTheWorldBankconcerningthelegalstatusofanyterritoryortheendorsementoracceptanceofsuchboundaries.ThecitationofworksauthoredbyothersdoesnotmeantheWorldBankendorsestheviewsexpressedbythoseauthorsorthecontentoftheirworks. Nothing herein shall constitute or be construed or considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges andimmunities of The World Bank, all of which are specifically reserved. RightsandPermissions Thematerialinthisworkissubjecttocopyright.BecauseTheWorldBankencouragesdisseminationofitsknowledge,thisworkmaybereproduced,inwholeorinpart,fornoncommercialpurposesaslongasfullattributiontothisworkisgiven. Attribution—Please cite the work as follows: “World Bank. 2025. Green Growth through natural capital accountingin Türkiye. © World Bank.” Any queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to World Bank Publications, TheWorld Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; fax: 202-522-2625; e-mail:pubrights@worldbank.org ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This report was prepared under the Türkiye Green Growth Analytical and Advisory Program by a WorldBank team led by Neeta Hooda (Senior Natural Resources Management Specialist) and supported by VITOconsultants.The team was composed ofDaniel Besley (Senior Climate Change Specialist), Hande Bilir(Natural Capital Accounting Specialist), Bora Surmeli (Agriculture Economist), Craig Meisner (SeniorEconomist),Stavros Papageorgiou(Senior Natural Resources Management Specialist),and LesyaVerheijen (Senior Operations Officer). The VITO consultant team members included team (Bruno Smets,Steven Broekx, Lieven De Roo, Lori Giagnacovo, Mathilde De Vroey, Maarten Van Loo, Marcel Buchhorn).The team received expert advice from peer reviewers Sjoerd Schenau (Project Manager EnvironmentalAccounts, Statistics Netherlands), Sofia Elisabet Ahlroth (Senior Natural Resources Economist, WorldBank),and Bekele Ambaye Shiferaw(Senior Environmental Economist,World Bank).The teamacknowledges the kindassistance of Linh Van Nguyen (Senior Program Assistant) andNevma Deniz NazOzbal (Program Assistant). The report was produced under the overall guidance of Sanjay Srivastava (Regional Manager, EnvironmentDepartment, Europe and Central Asia),Laurent Debroux (Program Leader, Sustainable Development),Sameh Naguib Wahba (Regional Director), and J. Humberto Lopez (Country Director). The team would like to acknowledge the kind cooperation of Government of Türkiye counterparts: TurkishStatistical Institute,General Directorate of Forestry, Presidency of Strategy and Budget,GeneralDirectorate of Investment and Enterprises, General DirectorateofNature Conservation and NationalParks, General Directorate of Combating Desertification and Erosion,General Directorate of StateHydraulics Works,and United Nations Statistical Division in guidance on methodological approaches, andGermanStatistical Institutefor facilitating the knowledge exchange with Government of Turkiye. The team would also like to acknowledge the generous financial support provided for preparation of thereport by the Global Program for Sustainability (GPS), administered by the World Bank. EXECUTIVESUMMARY:NATURAL CAPITAL ACCOUNTING IN TÜRKIYE Background Natural capitalis essential for sustaining ecosystems and the services they provide. By accounting for it,businesses and governments can make more informed decisions that balance economic growth withenvironmental sustainability.Natural capital accounting(NCA) helps to highlight the dependencies onnatural resources, the risks associated with their depletion or degradation, andthe vital contributions ofnature to human economy and well-being. TheGlobal Program onSustainability(GPS)(administered by the WorldBank)aims to integrateenvironmentaland othersustainability considerationsintopublicandprivatedecisions, by providing policymakersand the financialsectorwith the necessarymetricsandtools.Thisapproachinvolves lookingbeyondgrossdomesticproduct(GDP)andtraditional financial metricstoincludesystematicaccountingforenvironmentalrisksandopportunitiesand valuingnaturalcapitalandecosystem services, strengthening the national statistical system. Türkiye ha