特朗普第二个任期的承诺：他迄今在移民、贸易、DEI 等方面做了什么

特朗普总统将边境⾮法越境⼈数降⾄创纪录低点，促成了加沙⼀项脆弱的停⽕，并颠覆了全球贸易体系。 ByCharlie Savage andZolan Kanno-Youngs 作者：查理·萨维奇、佐兰·坎诺-扬斯 Reporting from Washington 华盛顿报道 Dec. 27, 2025 Donald J. Trump promised to drive America in a different direction. One year into his second term, he isdoing so, enacting or seeking fundamental changes to policy, politics and society. 唐纳德·J·特朗普曾承诺要把美国引向不同的⽅向。在其第⼆个任期满⼀年之际，他正在这样做，实施或寻求对政策、政治和社会的根本性变⾰。 He has driven illegal crossings at the border to record lows and has made clear that the United States hasshut the door to most nonwhite refugees. He has eliminated diversity programs in the government and haspushed corporate America to do the same. 他将边境的⾮法越境数量压⾄历史最低，并明确表⽰美国已对⼤多数⾮⽩⼈难民关上⼤门。他取消了政府中的多元化项⽬，并推动美国企业界效仿。 He helped bring about an uneasy cease-fire in Gaza, threatened to cut off aid to Ukraine and sent the militaryto kill suspected drug smugglers at sea while deploying troops under federal control into the streets of U.S.cities. He has put immense strain on relations with traditional allies and has pursued policies, including oncryptocurrencies, that have enriched his family and some of his top aides. 他促成了加沙⼀项来之不易的停⽕，威胁要切断对乌克兰的援助，并在海上派遣军队击杀涉嫌贩毒的⾛私者，同时将受联邦控制的部队部署到美国各城市的街头。他让与传统盟友的关系承受了巨⼤压⼒，并推⾏了⼀系列政策，包括在加密货币⽅⾯的政策，这些措施使他的家族及部分最⾼级别的助⼿获利。 He has upended the global trading system by raising taxes on imports, arguing that doing so wouldeventually bring back jobs. At the same time, he has extended big corporate and income tax cuts from hisfirst term. Hehas reversed Biden administration policies intended to address climate change, dismantledgovernment agencies without getting congressional approval and slashed the federal work force. 他通过提⾼进⼜税颠覆了全球贸易体系，辩称此举最终会把⼯作岗位带回国内。与此同时，他延续了⾃⼰第⼀任期内的⼤规模企业和个⼈所得税减税政策。他还推翻了拜登政府旨在应对⽓候变化的政策，在未经国会批准的情况下拆解政府机构，并⼤幅削减联邦公务员队伍。 Mr. Trump’s dizzying first year back in office has been polarizing, to say the least. The handful of otherpresidents who had comparatively momentous first years were responding to a true national crisis: AbrahamLincoln and the Civil War, Franklin D. Roosevelt and the Great Depression. The United States faced no suchemergency in January, but Mr. Trump has routinely governed through emergency powers. ⾄少可以这么说，特朗普先⽣重返⽩宫后的第⼀个年头令⼈⽬不暇接，也极具分裂性。其他少数同样拥有相对动荡⾸年的总统，都是在应对真正的国家危机：亚伯拉罕·林肯⾯对内战，富兰克林·D·罗斯福⾯对⼤萧条。今年1⽉，美国并未⾯临类似的紧急状况，但特朗普先⽣却⼀再以紧急权⼒来执政治国。 Politics in a democracy can sometimes follow a pendulum, as presidents and shifting party majorities coursecorrect from the perceived excesses of predecessors, only to be replaced in turn. 民主制度下的政治有时会像钟摆⼀样运转，总统和不断变化的政党多数会对前任被认为的过度⾏为进⾏纠偏，但随后又会被下⼀轮所取代。 But presidents can also leave behind permanent change. As Mr. Trump nears the end of the first year of hissecond term, how much of what he has done can be considered irreversible, and will Washington ever be thesame? 不过，总统也可能留下永久性的改变。随着特朗普先⽣的第⼆个任期即将结束第⼀年，他所做的事情中有多少可以被视为不可逆转的？华盛顿还能回到从前吗？ Immigration移民 What He Said他说了什么 Mr. Trump made immigration a pillar of his re-election campaign, asserting that he would impose a broadcrackdown on illegal migration the moment he took office again. 特朗普先⽣将移民问题作为其连任竞选的⽀柱，声称他将在再次就任的那⼀刻，对⾮法移民实施全⾯打击。 What He Did他做了什么 Mr. Trump escalated his crackdown, limiting not just illegal migration but also legal immigration. He has drivenillegal crossings at the U.S.-Mexico border to record lows. While he has begun immigration raids in cities, theadministration is still short of its mass deportation goal. 特朗普先⽣升级了他的打击⾏动，不仅限制⾮法移民，也收紧了合法移民。他已将美墨边境的⾮法越境⼈数压⾄创纪录的低点。尽管他已在城市中启动移民突袭⾏动，但政府距离实现⼤规模驱逐的⽬标仍有差距。 After attacking former President Joseph R. Biden Jr. overthe record number of illegal crossingsduring histime in office, Mr. Trump, in an executive order, effectivelyblocked asylum accessfor those entering theUnited States without authorization. 在攻击前总统⼩约瑟夫·R·拜登任内⾮法越境⼈数创下纪录之后，特朗普先⽣通过⼀项⾏政命令，实际上阻断了未经授权进⼊美国者获得庇护的途径。 He also pressured Mexico to do more to deter migrants before they make it to the U.S. border. The measureshave proved effective. Since January, Border Patrol agents have recorded under 10,000 illegal crossings atthe southwest border each month,numbers not seen in decades. 他还向墨西哥施压，要求其在移民抵达美国边境前采取更多遏制措施。这些举措已被证明⾏之有效。⾃1⽉以来，边境巡逻⼈员每⽉在西南边境记录到的⾮法越境⼈数不⾜1万⼈，这⼀数字在⼏⼗年来从未出现过。 Even as Mr. Trump hasramped up his deportation campaign, he is falling short on his goal for the mostsevere one in U.S. history. The administration has deported roughly 500,000 immigrants so far this year,according to a New York Times analysis of government data — well shy of the one million his administrationhas sought. 尽管特朗普先⽣加⼤了驱逐移民的⾏动⼒度，但距离实现美国历史上最严厉的驱逐⽬标仍有不⾜。据《纽约时报》对政府数据的分析，今年迄今政府已驱逐约50万名移民——远低于其政府所设定的100万⽬标。 Despite the administration’s pledge to target the “worst of the worst,” most of the immigrants arrested inhigh-profile deportation operations in citieshave not had criminal records, according to data through Oct. 15. 尽管政府承诺要重点打击“最坏中的最坏”，但截⾄10⽉15⽇的数据表明，在城市中⾼调展开的遣返⾏动⾥被捕的⼤多数移民并没有犯罪记录。 The administration has alsodeported migrants to war-torn and faraway nationsthey are