概况介绍：2025年光伏应用趋势

FACT SHEET PVPSTRENDS INPHOTOVOLTAICAPPLICATIONS 2025 Author:Mélodie de l’Épine, Becquerel Institute, France A Record Year for Solar PV Global installed PV capacity reached 2.26 TW (+29% YoY) in 2024, with 601 GW of new capacity installed.China led the market with 357 GW followed by the EU (66 GW), USA (47 GW), and India (32 GW). Photovoltaics now provide over 10% of global electricity, confirming its pivotal role in the clean energy transition. Diversification accelerated withagrivoltaics, floating PV, and storage-integrated systems gaining ground across regions. The PV industry continued its structural shift, balancingrecord installations with ongoing price pressures and overcapacity challenges. Global PV CapacityEnd of 2024 Global Installations China is the world’s No. 1 PV market. 34 countries installed at least1 GWpDCof PV in 2024. 40 countries have reached at least4 GWp DCof cumulative capacity in2024 ** Uncertainty in AC/DC ratios in some countries including Chinaindicates that a minimal value of 553.3 GW DC plus a possiblefurther 47.8 GW equals the maximal annual volume of 601 GW DCreported here. 1 045 million tons of CO2 were saved in 2024. PV Contribution to Electricity Demand in 2024 Economic Impact Global Business Value Employment Growth 9.1 million jobs globally (+26% from 2023)China: 6.5 million jobsIndia, Brazil, USA: 225 000–375 000 jobs eachInstallation and O&M sectors expanding fast Installation Market $410 BillionO&M services: ~$20 BillionEquals 0.38% of global GDP Top 10 Countries in 2024 For Annual Installed Capacity Yearly PV Installation, Module Production, and ModuleProduction Capacity PV Market Segmentation Centralised PV 373 GW (62% of new capacity)Utility-scale systems dominated in USA, India, Saudi ArabiaLowest tender prices: $12.9/MWh (Saudi Arabia) 228 GW (38% of new capacity)Strong growthin Germany, Brazil, PakistanProsumer models expanding globally Regional Highlights Americas Europe USAled with 47.1 GW, 85% utility-scale, reaching 225 GWtotal. Germanyremained Europe’s largest market by far with17.2GW, and crossed the 100 GW cumulative milestone Brazilinstalled 14.3 GW, 60% distributed systems,52.1 GW cumulative. EUinstalled 66 GW total,13 countries>1 GW,58%distributed/self-consumption Curtailment emerging:Spain 650+ hours negative prices,Germanynew “solar peak” laws Chinadominated with 357.3 GW (59% global share), morecentralised systems Saudi Arabialed with 3.7 GW, record $12.9/MWh tenderbid. Indiarebounded to 31.9 GW, 75% utility-scale with PLImanufacturing expansion. South Africaslowed to 1.2 GW, C&I segment growing forprice stability. Pakistansurprised at 18 GW (distributed),Japancontractedto 5.6 GW - lowest since 2012 Mega-projects advancing: Multi-GW hydrogen facilities.Rural mini-grids expanding. Emerging Segments Agrivoltaics Floating PV At least 8.7 GW global capacity by end of2024.Major projects in China, India, ChineseTaipei, Europe Strong growth in Italy (540 projects tendered),USA, Germany, China.Dual land-use addressing food security andenergy needs. Infrastructure-Integrated PV BIPV ~350 MW installed in Europe in 2024Switzerland achieving 5-10% of totalinstallations.Mandatory solar policies spreading (Austria,France, Japan, USA) EU potential: 403 GW along roads andrailways.Growing adoption of vertical PV and canopysystems. Key Policy Support Mechanisms Feed-in tariffs Net billing replacing net metering in many regions are being phased out in competitive markets, like Korea,France and China. Mandatory solar Competitive tenders in expansion (EU Solar Strategy, California, Tokyo,Delhi) remain a major tool for utility-scale deployment Subsidies and tax breaks Self-consumption still available in some regions, often targetingspecific applications is the primary driver in residential and commercialsectors Technology and Manufacturing Module Production Reached 726 GW Technology Shifts +18.5% from 2023 TOPConcellssurged from 30% to 70% market shareN-type wafers replaced P-type as dominant techBifacial modulesreached 77.6% of Chinese production98% of modules arecrystalline silicon China: 627 GW (86%of global production)India: 24 GWUSA: 23 GW Challenges Grid Integration Limits Market Overcapacity Rapid PV expansion is outpacing gridadaptation. Rising curtailment,congestion, and negative priceshighlight the urgent need for new gridinfrastructure, large-scale storage deployment, and flexible Persistent global overcapacity inPV manufacturing has pushedmodule prices to unsustainablelows, squeezing profit margins andthreatening industry stability. Consolidation pressures and uneven demand continue to challenge market balance. demand-side management. Sustainability andEnd-of-Life Supply ChainConcentration The PV sector remains highlydependent on Chinesemanufacturing for modules and As PV deployment accelerates,end-of-life management andrecycling lag behind. Improvingmaterial circularity and mini