2025年全球海上保险市场分析报告

Contents 1Introduction2Highlights4In context 12Marine insurance14Global marine cargo insurance20Global marine hull insurance28Global offshore energy insurance 34Major claims database38Hull Inflation Index 40Notes42Facts & Figures Committee Introduction We are pleased to present our Stats Report for2025. Overall, the 2024 marine insurance year wasrelatively stable but now faces some strongheadwinds, with geopolitical and trade tensionscreating an unprecedented level of uncertaintyacross global trade. While growth in seabornetrade has slowed — partly due to tariffs and anormalisation following the extraordinary demandsurge in 2024 — it is encouraging to see growth incleaner fuel volumes outpacing those of fossilfuels. This report presents data on the global marineinsurance market set in the context of worldeconomic performance, trade and the shippingindustry. IUMI represents 42 national and regional marinemarket insurance and reinsurance associations.Our Facts & Figures Committee compiles andanalyses data submitted by national insuranceassociations and cooperates with other dataproviders. Our thanks go to those IUMI member associationsfor their continued support and to the other dataproviders, who are identified at the end of thisreport, for supporting IUMI with extensive and upto date information on the relevant trends thatimpact the marine industry. Whilst tariffs are having an impact, put in context,they are currently affecting less than 4% of globaltrade. However, future impact remains to be seen. Interest rates globally have already started to falland the consequent reduction in inflation will likelyimpact overall profitability for most insurers.Similarly, the weakening US dollar will squeeze topline premium income and add to claims costs forthose insurers paying out in non-US dollarcurrencies. Lastly, visit iumi.com to hear a 20 minute podcastgiving an overview of our latest marine insurancestatistics. Jun Lin, ChairIUMI Facts & Figures Committee At the same time, an ageing global fleet presentsgrowing challenges, from machinery failures toincreased maintenance demands and seafarerwell-being. Claims were relatively benign in 2023and 2024 but 2025 has seen an uptick particularlyin groundings, large vessel fires and, of course,war-related losses. Veith HuesmannIUMI Chief Analyst October 2025 The relatively weak oil price continues to impactoffshore energy prices and, consequently,insurance premiums. There has been a substantialpull-back in capital expenditure, particularly in theMiddle East. We’ve also seen a dip in investmentin offshore wind projects in 2024 but spend isexpected to pick up this year and over the comingyears. Highlights Persistent geopolitical, economic and trade tensions significantlyinfluenced the market in 2024 and 1H 2025. Although global economicgrowth was strong in early 2024, momentum has now slowed andeconomic forecasts are muted. Correspondingly, growth in seabornetrade has also slowed but, more positively, inflationary pressures haveeased. World fleet growth has stabilised at around 4%, new deliveries are downbut so is scrapping activity. As a result, the average age of vesselscontinues to increase. China’s share of the orderbook has growndramatically since 2021. Vessel earnings in 2024 were healthy and vesselvalues were largely unchanged from the previous year. Global marine insurance premiums in 2024 totalled USD39.92 billion —a 1.5% uplift on 2023. Stability was seen across all lines of businessexcept for offshore energy where premiums reduced by almost 8%.Drivers included a continued rise in global trade volumes and values(cargo), changes in vessel numbers and values (hull) and oil pricedynamics (offshore energy). Ocean hull premiums were reported at USD9.67 billion, up by 3.5%on the previous year. Europe continues to dominate and reported anunbroken growth trend since 2019. Growth in the Russian marketreached 42% largely due to sanctions preventing Russia from placingrisks overseas. Loss ratios remained relatively stable. Premiums for cargo insurance reached USD22.64 billion representinga 1.6% uptick on last year. Subdued growth was largely due to generaleconomic and trade conditions. China performed particularly well,however. Loss ratios improved for the sixth consecutive year. The offshore energy sector reversed its recent run of premium basegrowth to report a 7.9% reduction at USD4.34 billion for 2024.London continues to dominate this market with a 60% share. Notably,the Nordics were the only market to expand their share in 2024(by 27%). A pressurised oil price, sanctions, decarbonisation initiativesand market capacity have all played a part in the performance of thisbusiness line. The period spanning 2024 and the first half of 2025has been characterised by persistent geopolitical,economic and trade tensions which have signifi-cantly influenced the global outlook for theremainder of 2025 and the years ahead. Despitethis, 2024 started on a strong