中小企业采用人工智能：经合组织七国集团讨论文件

OECD discussion paper for the G7 Disclaimers This document was prepared by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)at the requestof the 2025 G7 Presidency of Canada. It was drafted by the OECD’sCentre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions andCities(CFE);Directorate for Employment, Labour and Social Affairs (ELS)andDirectorate for Science,Technologyand Innovation (STI).The paper aimstoinform thedevelopment ofthe proposed G7SME AI Adoption Blueprintin the This work is published under the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD. The opinions expressed andarguments employed herein do not necessarily reflect the official views of OECDMember countries. This document, as well as any data and map included herein, are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty overany territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. The statistical data for Israel are supplied by and under the responsibility of the relevant Israeli authorities. The use ofsuch data by the OECD is without prejudice to the status of the Golan Heights, East Jerusalem and Israeli settlements Cover image: © Gorodenkoff/GettyImages. © OECD 2025 Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) This work is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence. By using this work, you acceptto bebound by the terms of this licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ). Attribution–you must cite the work. Translations–you must cite the original work, identify changes to the original and add the following text:In the event of anydiscrepancy between the original work and the translation, only the text of original work should be considered valid. Adaptations–you must cite the original work and add the following text:This is an adaptation of an original work by the OECD.The opinions expressed and arguments employed in this adaptation should not be reported as representing the official views ofthe Third-party material–the licence does not apply to third-party material in the work. If using such material, you are responsible for You must not use the OECD logo, visual identity or cover image without express permission or suggest the OECD endorses youruse of the work.Any dispute arising under this licence shall be settled by arbitration in accordance with the Permanent Court of Abstract Artificial intelligence (AI)holds significant promise for enhancing businessproductivity and innovation, including among small and medium-sizedenterprises (SMEs). Despite recent technological advancements in AI tools,adoption of AI by SMEsremains relatively low compared to other digitaltechnologies and to larger firms. Canada’s 2025 G7 Presidency has madeaccelerating AI adoption by SMEs a key priority. This discussion paper,prepared by the OECD Secretariat at the request of the G7 Presidency,seeks to inform G7 discussions on a proposed Blueprint for SME AIAdoption.Itexamines recent evidence on AI diffusion across G7economies, highlighting large and persistent gaps between SMEs and largefirms. It introduces a taxonomy of SME AI adopters based on digital Acknowledgments The authors thankJerry Sheehan,Nadim Ahmad,Audrey Plonk,Lucia Cusmano,Guy Lalanne,KarinePerset,Glenda Quintini,Andrew Paterson,Raffaella Centurelli,Gallia Daor,Alexia Gonzalez FanfaloneandLucia Russofor their support throughout this project and for their insightful feedback.Valuablemethodological guidance was provided by Molly Lesher and Nils Adriansson.Theauthorsare grateful tocomments and suggestions received byG7delegateswithin theIndustry,Digital andTechnologyWorking The paper was written byFlavio Calvino,Marco Bianchini,Marguerita Lane,Jose Montegu,Vincent Vergerand Slavina Ancheva, with contributions byCeline Caira,Alice Holt and Maximilian Reisch.The authorsalso thank Andreia Furtadoand Jack Watersfortheirsupportin finalising the report for publication, and Table ofcontents Executive summary6 Introduction8 1 Adoption trends Recent evidence about AI diffusionAdoption gapsbetween SMEs and large firmsSectoral patterns of AI diffusion 3 Case studiesAI NovicesAI OptimisersAI Explorers 4 Key enablers to facilitate AI adoption bySMEsConnectivityAI-enabling inputs 5 Policy approaches to AI adoption by SMEsCountry profilesSelected policy examples beyond the G7 6 Proposed policy recommendations for governments to enhance AI adoption bySMEs Annex A. Additional tables and figures Executive summary AI use isconsistently lower among SMEs than among large firms across all G7 countries.Theadoption gap between large firms and SMEs is evident across AI technologies and applications.In fact,across the OECD, the share of large firms using AI(40%)is more than three times that of small firms(11.9%).Sectoral differences are pronounced, with information and communication technologies (ICT) andprofessional services leading in adoption. Similar patterns of sectoral hete