精神健康差距行动计划（mhGAP）精神、神经和物质使用障碍指南：执行摘要

© World Health Organization 2025.Some rights reserved. This work is available under theCC BY-NC-SA Suggested citation. Mental Health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP) guideline for mental, neurologicaland substance use disorders: executive summary. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2025.https://doi.org/10.2471/B09329 Executive summary Background and objectives Target audience The guideline is targeted towards non-specializedhealth workers at primary- or secondary-level health-care facilities, or those working at the district levelincluding basic inpatient and outpatient services.The guideline also targets health workers in generalhealth care and other programmes to support deliveryof integrated care and services. The guideline is Mental, neurological and substance use (MNS)disorders are major contributors to morbidity andpremature mortality in all regions of the world. Theresources that have been provided to tackle the hugeburden of MNS disorders are insufficient, inequitablydistributed and inefficiently used, resulting in a largetreatment gap. To reduce the treatment gap and toenhance the capacity of countries to respond to thegrowing challenge, the World Health Organization(WHO) developed and launched (in 2008) the MentalHealth Gap Action Programme (mhGAP): scaling Methods The guideline was developed in accordance with theWHO handbook for guideline developmentandmeets international standards for evidence-basedguidelines. In collaboration with the GuidelineDevelopment Group (GDG), the Topic Expert Groups(TEGs) and the guideline methodologist, the WHOSteering Group identified priority questions andoutcomes to determine those that were critical forthe update of the guideline. Conflicts of interest fromall individual guideline contributors were declared,assessed and managed in line with WHO procedures. The mhGAP guideline update aims to: ▶provide up-to-date WHO guidance to facilitatedelivery of MNS interventions by non-specialisthealth workers in LMICs;▶assist with the scale-up of care for MNS disordersidentified as conditions of high priority in LMICs; and▶facilitate implementation of WHO action plansincluding theComprehensive mental health actionplan 2021–2030,theIntersectoral global actionplan on epilepsy and other neurological disorders2022–2031,theGlobal action plan on the public When making a strong recommendation, the GDG wasconfident that the desirable effects of the interventionoutweighed any undesirable effects. When the GDGwas uncertain about the balance between the desirable should receive it, whileconditional recommendations imply that different choices may be appropriate fordifferent individuals, and they may require assistanceto work towards a decision. The GDG members reached Summary of recommendations This guideline includes 48 updated and new evidence-based recommendations related to MNS conditions.These are based on 30 updated PICO (population,intervention, comparator, outcome) questions thatwere included in the previous mhGAP guideline (2015),and 18 new PICO questions developed for this new 90 pre-existing guideline recommendations whichwere validated and continue to be endorsed in their The 48 updated and new recommendations and the2 for which evidence was insufficient to support anupdated or new recommendation are presented inTable 1, arranged among 11 modules: alcohol usedisorders (ALC), anxiety (ANX), child and adolescentmental disorders (CAMH), conditions related to For more information, please contact: Email: mhgap-info@who.intWebsite: https://www.who.int/teams/mental-health-and-substance-use/