NishithDesai-印度初创企业和中小微企业的专利盲点

Patent BlindSpots inIndia’s Startup Structural Barriers and Strategic October 2025 Research Patent BlindSpots inIndia’s Startup Structural Barriers and Strategic October 2025 DMS Code: 138273.2 is an associate firm of Ranked as the ‘Most Innovative Indian Law Firm’ in the prestigious FT Innovative Lawyers Asia PacificAwards for multiple years. Also ranked amongst the ‘Most Innovative Asia Pacific Law Firm’ in these About IPpro IPpro is a specialized firm dedicated to helping clients create, manage, and monetize their patent portfolios.With a seasoned team of patent agents, attorneys, engineers, pharmacists, biotechnologists, and IP consultantsfrompremierinstitutionsinIndiaandtheUnitedStates,webringauniqueblendoflegal,technical,and Our research-driven and industry-focused approach ensures that we not only protect intellectual assets butalsomaximizetheircommercialvalue.WeworkcloselywithclientstoidentifyandanalyzetheircoreIP By leveraging the diverse backgrounds of our professionals, we provide end-to-end support through everystage of patenting, from drafting and filing to prosecution, portfolio management, and enforcement. Thisholistic approach, coupled with robust systems and processes, enables us to deliver cost-effective, comprehen- Headquartered in Bangalore, with offices in Mumbai and Silicon Valley, IPpro serves a truly global clientele.Founded in 2005 by internationally acclaimed attorney Nishith Desai, we continue to be a trusted partner IPpro is an Associate firm of Nishith Desai Associates. Disclaimer ThisreportisacopyrightofNishithDesaiAssociates.Noreadershouldactonthebasisofanystatementcontainedherein without seeking professional advice. The authors and the firmexpressly disclaim all andanyliabilitytoanypersonwhohasreadthisreport,orotherwise,inrespectofanything,andofconsequences Contact For any help or assistance please email us onconcierge@nishithdesai.comor visit us atwww.nishithdesai.com. Acknowledgements IPpro Team Varun Kumarvarun.kumar@ipproinc.com Varun, with 14 years of experience, leads the patent analytics services at IPpro. He is an electrical engineer fromMumbai University and certified product manager, specializing in patent research, invalidity searches, and Priyadarsini Shanmugampriyadarsini.s@ipproinc.com Priya leads IPpro’s Lifesciences domain with 17 years of IP experience. She holds a biotechnology degree andmaster’s in law from UC Berkeley School of Law. She has extensive experience with patent firms, multinational Abhay Porwalabhay.porwal@ipproinc.com Abhay leads overall operations at IPpro with over 20 years of IP industry experience. He is a registered patent agentwith the IPO and holds a degree in electrical engineering from IIT Bombay. Contents List of AbbreviationsExecutive Summary Literature Context and Conceptual Framework I.Capability GapsII.Structural and Legal Constraints Barriers to Patent Engagement I.Financial and Resource BarriersII.Awareness and Strategic Misalignment Strategic Interventions and InstitutionalDesigns I.Institutional IP CapabilityII.Filing Facilitation & SubsidiesIII.Enforcement Infrastructure Discussion Conclusion18 List of Abbreviations Executive Summary India’sinnovationeconomyfacesacriticalvulnerability:itsmostdynamicsectorsremainlargelydisconnectedfromintellectualpropertyprotection.1Whilethecountryhasachievedaremarkable44%surgeintotalIPfilingsoverfiveyears,drivenby180%growthinpatentsand266%increaseindesigns,startupsandMSMEs Thedisconnectstemsfromstructuralmisalignmentsratherthansimpleawarenessdeficits.Despitegovernmentschemesofferingsubstantialfinancialsupport,includingreimbursementsuptoINR1lakhfordomesticpatentsandINR10,000fortrademarks,utilizationremainsdisappointinglylow.3A2025 The challenge is compounded by sector-specific constraints. Manufacturing MSMEs prefer trade secrets overpublic disclosure. Deep-tech startups struggle with demonstrating global novelty in rapidly evolving fields.Biotech firms navigate dual compliance requirements across patent and regulatory approval systems. Software Current government interventions, while well-intentioned, operate largely in isolation.The National Intel-lectual Property Awareness Mission has successfully reached 2.5million students and faculty, representingsignificantlong-terminvestmentinIPculture.5However,thesebroad-basedinitiativesfailtoaddress The solution requires systematic integration ratherthan standalone programs. Success depends on embed-ding IP capabilities seamlessly into existing business ecosystems, making protection automatic rather thanoptional. This involves transforming incubators into IP hubs, enabling universities to accept equity stakes Executive Summary Thestakesextendbeyondindividualcompanyprotection.Inanincreasinglyknowledge-drivenglobaleconomy, countries with weak patent cultures risk permanent relegation to low-value segments of interna-tional value chains. India’s demonstrated innovation capacity, from frugal space programs t