代表性行为体 ABNJ 海洋生物多样性治理战略与中国借鉴

© SJTU Center for Rule of Ocean Law Studies & G:HUB 2025 This report is free to use and reproduce for your own publication, as long as they are not forcommercial use. As the copyright holder, SJTU Center for Rule of Ocean Law Studies and G:HUB dorequest due acknowledgement and a copy of your publication. Please contact author for citation of thedata or figures. For online publication, SJTU Center for Rule of Ocean Law Studies and G:HUBrequest direct link to the original resource on the SJTU Center for Rule of Ocean Law Studies andG:HUB websites. This reportonly represents the views of SJTU Center for Rule of Ocean Law Studiesand G:HUB. Please contact us if there’re any questions or problems. Acknowledgements This report was produced by SJTU Center for Rule of Ocean Law Studies with the support of G:HUB,and jointly published by the two institutions. Special thanks to the following experts who provided us with feedback and advice throughout thereport’s development and review (in no particular order): LIU FangmingResearcherFirst Institute of Oceanography, MNRZHENG MiaozhuangResearcherChinaInstitute forMarine Affairs, MNRSHI YubingProfessorZhejiangUniversityDONG YueProfessorOceanUniversity of China The lead author of this report was Professor XUE Guifang, Ph.D Candidates JU Shaojun and LI Fanfrom Shanghai Jiao Tong University. We would like to thank G:HUB colleagues who were kindlyinvolved in the drafting or review of this report: CHEN Jiliang, XUN Boyang. ©上海交通大学海洋法治研究中心和北京绿研公益发展中心2025 本报告可免费使用和转载，请勿用于商业用途。如需使用本报告出版，请与上海交通大学海洋法治研究中心或北京绿研公益发展中心确认，并寄送一份出版物以作存留；如需引用报告内的数据或图片，请联系作者；如需用于线上展示及传播，请直接使用本机构网站的原始链接。本报告仅代表上海交通大学海洋法治研究中心和北京绿研公益发展中心的机构观点，如有不当之处，敬请指正。 致谢 本报告由上海交通大学海洋法治研究中心在北京绿研公益发展中心支持下完成，由两家共同发布。由衷感谢以下专家（排名不分先后）在设计和修改过程中的宝贵意见和建议： 刘芳明研究员自然资源部第一海洋研究所郑苗壮研究员自然资源部海洋发展战略研究所施余兵教授浙江大学董跃教授中国海洋大学 本报告由上海交通大学薛桂芳教授、博士研究生巨少军和李帆撰写，北京绿研公益发展中心高级研究员陈冀俍提供研究支持，资深项目专员荀渤阳参与审校协助。 关于上海交通大学海洋法治研究中心 上海交通大学海洋法治研究中心的前身为成立于2009年10月的上海交通大学海洋法律与政策研究中心，2016年1月更名为上海交通大学海洋法治研究中心。中心依托上海交通大学凯原法学院，从事海洋相关学科交叉领域法治问题研究，致力于为我国海洋法律体系的完善、海洋争端的妥善处理、海洋权益的维护与拓展、海洋强国的建设等提供理论支撑和政策参考。 About SJTU Center for Rule of Ocean Law Studies The SJTU Center for Rule of Ocean Law Studies was formerly known as the Center for Ocean Lawand Policy, established in October 2009, and was renamed in January 2016. Affiliated with the KoGuanSchool of Law at Shanghai Jiao Tong University, the Center conducts research on the issues of therule of ocean law from the perspective of interdisciplinary. It is committed to providing theoretical andpolicy support for the improvement of China’s maritime legal system, the proper settlement of maritimedisputes, the safeguarding and expansion of maritime rights and interests. 关于北京绿研公益发展中心 北京绿研公益发展中心（简称：绿研）登记注册于北京市民政局，是一家扎根国内、放眼全球的环境智库型社会组织。我们致力于全球视野下的政策研究与多方对话，聚焦可持续发展领域的前沿问题与创新解决方案，助力中国高质量地实现“碳中和”目标并推进绿色、开放、共赢的国际合作，共促全球迈向净零排放与自然向好的未来。 About G:HUB Greenovation Hub (GHub) is an independent environmental think tank with a global outlook, registered withthe Beijing Municipal Civil Affairs Bureau. GHub advances the policy development and dialogues incutting-edge areas of sustainable development, seeks innovative solutions to quality growth, climateresilience and carbon neutrality in China and beyond, contributing to a net-zero and nature-positive future Preface The Agreement under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the Conservationand Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJAgreement) is an international legal instrument adopted under the United Nations framework toadvance the conservation and sustainable use of marine biodiversity in areas beyond nationaljurisdiction (ABNJ). Having reached the threshold of sixty ratifications in September 2025, BBNJAgreement will officially enter into force on 17 January 2026. On 28 October 2025, China completedits domestic ratification procedures, and upon depositing its instrument of ratification with the UnitedNations, it will formally become a State Party. The BBNJ Agreement marks a milestone in theevolution of global ocean governance, filling a longstanding gap in the United Nations Convention onthe Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) regarding the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity inABNJ. It expands the scope of the law of the sea and establishes innovative legal regimes, includinga special framework for the conservation and utilization of marine genetic resources, a marineprotected area system applicable to the high seas, and a comprehensive regime for environmentalimpact assessments of marine activities. BBNJ Agreement’s implementation is expected to advancethe progressive development of the international law of the sea, inform the formulation of rulesgoverning the international seabed “Area,” and strengthen the overall architecture of global oceangovernance. Given the close interlinkages between ABNJ biodiversity governance and broaderenvironmental and economic issues—such as climate change, maritime transp