2025年全球核聚变行业

Fusion Companies Survey by ContentsForeword4The headline figures this year6Five year trends: 2021 - 20258The fusion industry in 202510Profiles of today's fusion players18 Finally, access to funding remains a major issue for fusion companies,underscoring the long development timelines and capital intensityof the industry. Across the board, the responses highlight that whilefusion’s promise is within reach, sustained progress will require Alongside these commercial agreements, fusion companies have beenadvancing plans for siting their first power plants. In February 2024,Type One Energy signed a Memorandum of Understanding with theTennessee Valley Authority to explore building a plant at a retired coalpower plant in Tennessee. In December 2024, Commonwealth FusionSystems announced it would develop its first plant outside Richmond,Virginia, via a joint development agreement that is part of a partnershipwith utility Dominion Energy, targeting operations in the early 2030s.And in early 2025, Focused Energy unveiled a partnership with theGerman government to develop a site at a former nuclear facility in FOREWORD Public-Private Partnerships Grow This year’sGlobal Fusion Industry Reportmarks a significant milestone– our fifth consecutive report tracking developments in the commercialfusion sector. This report began in 2021 as an effort to answer the threequestions we were always being asked: “Who?” “How much?” and– especially – “When?” We found that directly asking the companiesworking to commercialize fusion was the best way to answer thesequestions, and the resulting reports brought visibility and clarity to anascent industry. In the years since, we’ve heard that this report hasbecome an indispensable tool for understanding the growth and Looking to the Future The amount of public funding that companies identified adding intotheir capital tables this year increased by 84%, growing by almost$360 million to nearly $800 million in total. It is not only private fundsthat see long-term benefits to fusion; governments also recognize theeconomic advantages of nurturing a growing industry that will usher injobs and expand supply chains. In the last year, government policies in While the prevailing sense from these results should be optimism, thechallenges remain steep and the only response should be that “more”is needed. For the first time this year, we asked how much moreinvestment each company would need to bring their first pilot plantsonline. The answers varied widely, as would be expected from anindustry with diverse technological approaches and progression along As companies zero in on early deployment sites, regions are startingto race to position themselves as “fusion hubs,” aiming to capture theeconomic and workforce benefits of the emerging industry. In the U.S.,clusters are forming in the Pacific Northwest, California, the GreatLakes, and the Northeast. Perhaps the world’s leading fusion clusterhas been established with British government support around Oxford. As fusion innovation advances, the industry is generating technologicaland economic benefits beyond fusion. Fusion companies are spinningout innovations such as magnets and high temperature superconductors,which benefit industries from wind turbines to maglev trains. Just asthe space race produced innovations in everything from microchips to When answers were combined, the total capital required to bring everysurveyed company to commercialization is above $77 billion – eighttimes more than has been committed to the industry to date. However,we shouldn't take that as the number needed to create a commercialfusion industry; it is implausible that every company will successfully makeit at scale. Furthermore, companies can consolidate efforts; some of thedevelopment and deployment costs can be shared through partnershipsand joint ventures. Thriving global industries generally see several Five-Year Trends The Growing Fusion Workforce The growth in funding is the most striking indicator of the industry’saccelerating trajectory. In our first report, we were proud that theindustry had attracted $1.9 billion in total investment. Today, that figurehas surpassed $9.7 billion, with over $2.6 billion raised in the lastyear alone. That’s not just a five-fold increase – it’s a signal of maturinginvestor confidence, technological progress, and a rapidly coalescingsupply chain. This is despite the fact that most of the last half-decade Fusion is attracting top-tier talent from around the world, with workforcegrowth reflecting the sector’s accelerating momentum and globalscope. Since 2021, the number of people employed directly by privatefusion companies has more than quadrupled, and this expansion ismatched by growth in the broader fusion ecosystem, with supply chainjobs tripling in the last two years. Fusion companies are headquarteredacross more than a dozen countries in North America, Europe, Asia,and Oceania. Fusion science has always been a global