2025年海上运输回顾：在风浪中坚持航向

Reviewof maritimetransport Staying the course inturbulent waters © 2025, United NationsAll rights reserved worldwide Requests to reproduce excerpts or to photocopy should be addressed to the CopyrightClearance Centre at copyright.com. All other queries on rights and licences, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to: United Nations Publications405 East 42nd StreetNew York, New York 10017United States of AmericaEmail: publications@un.orgWebsite: https://shop.un.org The designations employed and the presentation of material on any map in this work do not implythe expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the United Nations concerning the legalstatus of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation ofits frontiers or boundaries. Mention of any firm or licensed process does not imply the endorsement of the United Nations. This publication has been edited externally. UNCTAD/RMT/2025 (Advance copy) ISBN: 978-92-1-154528-9eISBN: 978-92-1-159177-4ePub ISBN: 978-92-1-154529-6ISSN: 0566-7682eISSN: 2225-3459Sales No. E.25.II.D.36 Acknowledgements TheReview of Maritime Transport 2025was prepared by UNCTAD, under the overall guidance ofAngel González Sanz and Torbjörn Fredriksson, Officers-in-Charge, Division on Technology andLogistics, UNCTAD, by a team comprising Regina Asariotis (coordination), Mark Assaf, CelineBacrot, Hassiba Benamara, Liliane Flour, Poul Hansen, Argyro Kepesidi, Tomasz Kulaga, LuisaRodríguez, Hidenobu Tokuda, Frida Youssef and Arouna Zorome. The report also benefited frominternal review and feedback from across UNCTAD. UNCTAD gratefully acknowledges the contributions of Antonella Teodoro (MDS Transmodal);Juan Manuel Diaz Orejas (Port Authority of Valencia), the Port of Santander, Puertos del Estado,Spain; and Gina Pnayiotou (Women’s International Shipping and Trading Association). UNCTAD further gratefully acknowledges comments and suggestions from the following peerreviewers: Syed Hashim Abbas (Clarksons Research), Julian Abril Garcia (IMO), Giovanni Andrean(IEA), Mattijs Bosch (A.P. Moller-Maersk), Pierre Cariou (KEDGE Business School), LaurenceCret (IEA), Trevor Crowe (Clarksons Research), Philip Damas (Drewry Supply Chain Advisors),Neil Davidson (independent expert), Alberto Pérez Espinosa (Lloyd’s Register), Mahin Faghfouri(International Ocean Institute), Jan Hoffmann (World Bank), Philipp Ludwig (National University ofSingapore), Carlos Moreno (independent expert), Federica Ninni (ILO), Pascal Ollivier (IAPH), NielsRasmussen (Baltic and International Maritime Council), Torbjörn Rydbergh (Marine Benchmark),Peter Sand (Xeneta), Rahul Sharan (Drewry Maritime Research), Dinesh Sharma (Drewry MaritimeResearch), Martin Stopford (Maritime Economics for Professionals), Antonella Teodoro (MDSTransmodal), Beatriz Vacotto (ILO), Andrew Wilson (BRS Group) and Gary Wilson (InternationalHarbour Masters Association). The report was edited by Gretchen Luchsinger. Wendy Juan, of UNCTAD, provided administrativeand proofreading support. Cover design and desktop publishing were undertaken by theUNCTAD Communication and External Relations Section. Special thanks are due to Vladislav Shuvalov for reviewing the publication in full. Note TheReview of Maritime Transportis a recurrent publication prepared by the UNCTAD secretariatsince 1968 with the aim of fostering the transparency of maritime markets and analysing relevantdevelopments. Any factual or editorial corrections that may prove necessary, based on commentsmade by Governments, will be reflected in a corrigendum to be issued subsequently. This edition of the report covers data and events from January 2024 until June 2025. Wherepossible, every effort has been made to reflect more recent developments. All references to dollars ($) are to United States dollars, unless otherwise stated. “Ton” means metric ton (1,000 kg) and “mile” means nautical mile, unless otherwise stated. Because of rounding, details and percentages presented in tables do not necessarily add upto the totals. Two dots (..) in a statistical table indicate that data are not available or are not reported separately. The terms “countries” and “economies” refer to countries, territories or areas. Since 2014, theReview of Maritime Transporthas not included printed statistical annexes.UNCTAD maritime statistics are accessible via the following links: All data sets (maritime statistics): https://stats.unctad.org/Maritime Merchant fleet by flag of registration: https://stats.unctad.org/fleet Share of world merchant fleet value by flag of registration: https://stats.unctad.org/vesselvalue_registration Merchant fleet by country of ownership: https://stats.unctad.org/fleetownership Share of world merchant fleet value by country of beneficial ownership: https://stats.unctad.org/vesselvalue_ownership Ship recycling by country: https://stats.unctad.org/shiprecycling Shipbuilding by country in which built: https