基于绩效的融资（PBF）对塞拉利昂初等教育的影响：2025年描述性分析（英）2025

A Descriptive Analysis 2025 ©The World BankJune 2025 Photo by:Cover photo by Afra Rahman Chowdhury Design by:Mohammad Inamul Shahriar Disclaimer:This publication was produced with the support of the World Bank. The findings, interpretations, andconclusions expressed in this document are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the WorldBank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy, completeness, or quality of the information in this publication. TheWorld Bank is not liable for any loss, damage, or expense resulting from the use of this publication or its content. Mention of trade names, products, or organizations does not imply endorsement by the World Bank. The boundaries,colors, denominations, and other information shown in maps or referenced in this publication do not imply anyjudgment on the part of the World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptanceof such boundaries. IMPACT OF PERFORMANCE BASEDFINANCING (PBF) ON SIERRALEONE’S PRIMARY EDUCATION A Descriptive Analysis 2025 Afra Rahman Chowdhury and Md. Mokhlesur Rahman June 15, 2025Education Global PracticeAfrica West Region ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This report was prepared by Afra Rahman Chowdhury (Senior Economist Consultant),under the supervision of Md. Mokhlesur Rahman (Senior Education Specialist andTask Team Leader of Sierra Leone Free Education Project). Consultation with keystakeholders and partners in the education sector played a significant role in theproduction of this report. The authors express sincere gratitude to the PBF team ofthe Free Education project, especially Jinnah Ngobeh, Michael Bockarie, ValentineBangalie, and Abdul S Bakarr for sharing their valuable insights, particularly onimplementation challenges and lessons learned. Special thanks to Mari Shojo (SeniorEducation Specialist, HAEE1) and Marcela Bernal Gutierrez (Economist, HMNED) fortheir contribution at designing stage and spearheading the PBF initiative. We are alsothankful to Ricardo Montero De La Piedra for an early analysis of PBF implementation.The report benefits from thoughtful and constructive reviews by VenkateshSundararaman (Lead Economist, HAWE2), Shiro Nakata (Senior Economist, HECED), AliAnsari (Senior Economist, HAWE3) and Robert Sam Kpakra (Consultant, HAWE3). The PBF program under the Free Education Project was financed by IDA and a Multi-Donor Trust Fund supported by Embassy of Ireland, European Union (EU), and FCDO. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely thoseof the authors. They do not necessarily represent the views of the International Bank forReconstruction and Development/World Bank and its affiliated organizations, or thoseof the Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments that they represent. ABBREVIATIONS AIASCBoGCCTDEODSTIEGRAEMISESPFEPSFQSEGISICTJSSMBSSELCPBFMTNDPRBFREDiSLSBMSDPSIPSLSMCSQAOTLMTSCArtificial IntelligenceAnnual School CensusBoard of GovernorsConditional Cash TransferDistrict Education OfficeDirectorate of Science, technology, and InnovationEarly Grade Reading AssessmentEducation Management and Information SystemEducation Sector PolicyFree Education Project SecretariatFree Quality School EducationGeographic Information SystemInformation and Communication TechnologyJunior Secondary SchoolMinistry of Basic and Senior Secondary EducationLocal CouncilPerformance Based FinancingMedium Term National Development PlanResults Based FinancingRevitalizing Education Development in Sierra LeoneSchool Based ManagementSchool Development PlantSchool Investment PlanSierra LeoneSchool Management CommitteeSchool Quality Assurance OfficerTeaching and Learning MaterialsTeaching Service Commission CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY INTRODUCTION91 1.1Purpose of the Report91.2Study Limitations10 PBF in SIERRA LEONE112 2.1Use of PBF in Education Sector, TheoreticalSupport and Evidence11 2.2Performance and Priorities of Sierra Leone’sEducation System12 2.3Design of PBF Scheme Implemented Through FREE Project13 2.4PBF Grant Disbursement16 2.5Acceptable Use of PBF Funds16 STUDY METHOD34 17 RESULTS 17 4.1Student Enrolment and Retention174.2Teacher and Teaching204.3Teaching and Learning Materials (TLM)214.4School Environment and Management22 EQUITY CONSIDERATIONS255 5.1Relative Impact on Schools in Poor Communities andRisk of Inequality 5.2 Does the Impact Vary by Region?28 IMPLEMENTATION CHALLENGES316 LESSONS LEARNED and RECOMMENDATIONS32 CONCLUSION378 TABLES Table 1.PBF indicators and their contribution to the grant size14Table 2.Amount of grant disbursed to schools under PBF program16Table 3.Indicators/Variables of interest considered by this report17Table 4.Summary of challenges, lessons learned, and recommendations37 FIGURES Figure 1.Student enrolment at schools over five rounds of PBF, 2022 to 202419Figure 2.Average number of grade-leve