加强美国在数字金融技术领域的领导地位

ContentsContents I.IntroductionI.Introduction..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................44 II.The Digital Asset EcosystemII.The Digital Asset Ecosystem..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................1414 Market Size and Trends................................................................................................................................................16Market Participants......................................................................................................................................................18Key Regulators and Oversight.......................................................................................................................................29Market Activities..........................................................................................................................................................31 III. Digital Asset Market StructureIII. Digital Asset Market Structure........................................................................................................................................................................................................................4242 Establishing a Taxonomy for Digital Assets...................................................................................................................45Enabling the Trading of Digital Assets at the Federal Level............................................................................................51Creating a Lasting Framework for Digital Asset Market Structure.................................................................................54 IV.Banking and Digital AssetsIV.Banking and Digital Assets..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................6262 Bank Engagement with Digital Assets...........................................................................................................................65Current Regulatory Framework....................................................................................................................................70Access to Providing Banking Services...........................................................................................................................76Capital and Other Applicable Regulatory Treatment.....................................................................................................79 V.Stablecoins and PaymentsV.Stablecoins and Payments..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................8787 Payment Systems.........................................................................................................................................................89Innovation in Payments..............................................................................................................................................90Central Bank Digital Currencies...................................................................................................................................94Promoting the Competitiveness of the U.S. Dollar Through Digital Asset Payments and Capital Markets......................95 VI. Countering Illicit FinanceVI. Countering Illicit Finance....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................9999 Illicit Finance Risks......................................................................................................................................................101Improving the AML/CFT and Sanctions Frameworks....................................................................................................103Equipping Digital Asset Actors to Mitigate Risk.............................................................................................................113Disrupting and Mitigating Systemic Illicit Finance Risks...............................................................................................115 VII. TaxationVII. Taxation...........................................................................................................................................................................