2019年全球幸福与福祉政策报告

Table of ContentsGlobal Happiness andWellbeing Policy Report20191Introduction to the 2019 Global Happiness andWellbeing Policy Report2How To Open Doors To Happiness3Priority Setting in Healthcare Through theLens of Happiness4Positive Education5Employee Well-being, Productivity, and FirmPerformance: Evidence and Case Studies6Well-Being Interventions to Improve Societies7Happy Cities Agenda8Adopting a Well-Being Approach inCentral Government:Policy Mechanisms and Practical ToolsGlobal Happiness and Wellbeing Policy Report was written by a group ofindependent experts acting in their personal capacities. Any views expressed in thisreport do not necessarily reflect the views of any organization, agency or pro-gramme. 3927537395113141 Lead MembersJeffrey D. SachsDirector of the Global Council for Happiness andWellbeingDirector, SDSN, and Director, CenterforSustainable Development,Columbia UniversityAlejandro AdlerDeputy Director of the Global Council forHappiness and Wellbeing,Center for SustainableDevelopment, Columbia University, and Director,Well-being Science and Policy, SDSNDr. Aisha Bin BishrCities ChairDirector General of the Smart Dubai OfficeJan-Emmanuel de NeveWorkplace ChairSaid Business School, Oxford UniversityMartine DurandMetrics ChairChief Statistician of the OECDEd DienerPersonal Happiness ChairProfessor of Psychology at the University ofVirginia, the University of Utah, and SeniorScientist for the Gallup OrganizationJohn F. HelliwellSynthesis Report ChairVancouver School of Economics at the Universityof British Columbia, and Canadian Institute forAdvanced ResearchRichard LayardHealth ChairFounder-Director of the Centre for EconomicPerformance at the London School of Economics,and currently Co-Director of the Centre’sWell-being Research ProgrammeMartin SeligmanEducation ChairZellerbach Family Professor of Psychology andDirector of the Positive Psychology Center at theUniversity of Pennsylvania Global Council for Happiness andWellbeingGlobal Council for Happiness and Wellbeing(GCHW) is a global network of leading happinessand well-being scientists and key practitionersin fields and sectors spanning psychology,economics, education, health, urban planning,civil society, business, and government. TheGHC identifies the best available evidence-basedhappiness and well-being policies to encouragetheir adoption and advancement at the local,national, and international levels. The work of theCouncil is complementary to the annual WorldHappiness Report and related research on thetheory, measurement, and advancement ofhappiness and well-being.Council members oversee the work of sixthematic groups – education, workplace,personal happiness, public health, city design,and metrics – who each produce a chapter ofpolicy recommendations in the annual GlobalHappiness and Wellbeing Policy Report,launched at the World Government Summit(WGS) in Dubai. This report provides rigorousevidence, international case studies, and detailedpolicy recommendationson efficient ways to promote happiness andwell-being via public policy. Chapter 1Introduction to the2019 Global Happiness andWellbeing Policy ReportJeffrey DSachsDirector of the Global Council for Happiness and WellbeingDirector, SDSN, and Director, Center for SustainableDevelopment, Columbia University poverty in those countries by 2030 as called forby the Sustainable Development Goals, remainsa fundamental key to higher happiness.Yet there is more at play. Many rich countries,including my own, the United States, havebecome a lot richer in recent decades, but notmuch happier or even less happy, according tosurvey data. Richer but less happy is a syndromein many parts of the world. The standardapproach of maximizing economic growth tomaximize happiness is far from adequate.If we listened more carefully to the great moralteachers – Confucius, Buddha, Aristotle, Jesus,Mohammed – the broken link from wealth tohappiness would of course not surprise us at all.Happiness requires not just adequate materialconditions but also good health, both mental andphysical; good friendships and social support;honesty of business and government; thefreedom of each person to pursue their life’sdreams with meaning and purpose; and socialtrust and generosity. “Tis better to give thanreceive” is a proven path to personal happinessand social peace.Indeed, the situation is even more perverse. Thevery manner that we are chasing wealth today issimultaneously wrecking the planet throughglobal warming, massive deforestation, thereckless overuse of freshwater, and the air andwater pollution claiming millions of lives everyyear around the globe. The current approach toeconomic growth threatens our very survival.Our societies are not well organized to promotehappiness. The global market economy is goodat producing wealth, but not at sharing it fairlyor protecting the environment from viciousgreed. Globalization has accelerated economicgrowth but also environmental destruction andwidening inequalities.