蒙古公共财政审查：卫生背景说明（英）2025

© 2025 The World Bank1818 H Street NW, Washington DC 20433Telephone: 202-473-1000; Internet:www.worldbank.orgSome rights reserved.This work is a product of The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarilyreflect the views of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent.The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy, completeness, or currency of the data included in this work and does not assumeresponsibility for any errors, omissions, or discrepancies in the information, or liability with respect to the use of or failure to use theinformation, methods, processes, or conclusions set forth. The boundaries, colors, denominations, links/footnotes and otherinformation shown in this work do not imply any judgment on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territoryor the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. The citation of works authored by others does not mean the World Bankendorses the views expressed by those authors or the content of their works.Nothing herein shall constitute or be construed or considered to be a limitation upon or waiver of the privileges and immunities of TheWorld Bank, all of which are specifically reserved.Rights and PermissionsThe material in this work is subject to copyright. Because The World Bank encourages dissemination of its knowledge, this work maybe reproduced, in whole or in part, for noncommercial purposes as long as full attribution to this work is given.Attribution—Please cite the work as follows: “World Bank. 2025.Mongolia Public Finance Review: Health Background Note.Washington, DC: World Bank. © World Bank.”Any queries on rights and licenses, including subsidiary rights, should be addressed to World Bank Publications, The World Bank,1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; fax: 202-522-2625; e-mail:pubrights@worldbank.org.Cover photo: © J. Gerelchuluun / Unen Newspaper. Used with the permission of J. Gerelchuluun / Unen Newspaper. Further permissionrequired for reuse. ContentsAcknowledgments......................................................................................................................................... 1Executive Summary....................................................................................................................................... 2Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 5Human resources .................................................................................................................................... 21Medicines and medical goods................................................................................................................. 23Hospitals.................................................................................................................................................. 27Recommendations ...................................................................................................................................... 30Annex 1: Flow of Funds and Premium Collection ....................................................................................... 37Annex 2: List of Expanded NCD Best Buys .................................................................................................. 38References .................................................................................................................................................. 40 Figures and tablesFigure 1: Despite spending more than most peers, Mongolia’s average life expectancy and progress toward UHClag most of its peers, indicating that spending efficiency could be improved. .............................................................6Figure 2: Mongolia’s life expectancy is lower than most peers, and the gap between life expectancy and healthy lifeexpectancy is increasing ................................................................................................................................................8Figure 3: NCDs are the largest—and increasing—share of the disease burden............................................................9Figure 4: Many Mongolians have undiagnosed hypertension and of those who know they have hypertension, veryfew have it under control ............................................................................................................................................11Figure 5: Alcohol use disorders, smoking, and undernourishment are the three main risk factors driving hightuberculosis rates ........................................................................................................................................................11Figure 6: Mongolia’s population is expected to double in the next 40 years, and an aging population will putpressure on health spending .............................................