尼泊尔HeRAMS 2024年9月洪水和山体滑坡报告：卫生系统的运行状况

©World Health Organization 2025Some rights reserved. This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0IGO;https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo).Under the terms of this licence, you may copy, redistribute and adapt the work for non-commercial purposes, provided the work is appropriatelycited, as indicated below. In any use of this work, there should be no suggestion that WHO endorses any specific organization, products orservices. The use of the WHO logo is not permitted. If you adapt the work, then you must license your work under the same or equivalentCreative Commons licence. If you create a translation of this work, you should add the following disclaimer along with the suggested citation:“This translation was not created by the World Health Organization (WHO). WHO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation.The original English edition shall be the binding and authentic edition”.Any mediation relating to disputes arising under the licence shall be conducted in accordance with the mediation rules of the World IntellectualPropertyOrganization(http://www.wipo.int/amc/en/mediation/rules/).Suggested citation. HeRAMS Nepal September 2024 floods and landslides - January 2025 - operational status of the health system: acomprehensive mapping of the operational status of health service delivery units (HSDUs); 2025Third-party materials. If you wish to reuse material from this work that is attributed to a third party, such as tables, figures or images, it is yourresponsibility to determine whether permission is needed for that reuse and to obtain permission from the copyright holder. The risk of claimsresulting from infringement of any third-party-owned component in the work rests solely with the user.General disclaimers.The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of anyopinion whatsoever on the part of WHO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerningthe delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be fullagreement.The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by WHOin preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products aredistinguished by initial capital letters.All reasonable precautions have been taken by WHO to verify the information contained in this publication. However, the published material isbeing distributed without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied. The responsibility for the interpretation and use of the material lieswith the reader. In no event shall WHO be liable for damages arising from its use. HeRAMS NepalSeptember 2024 floods andlandslidesJanuary 2025Operational status of the health systemA comprehensive mapping of the operational status of healthservice delivery units BHSCBasic Health Service CenterHERHealth Electronic RecordsHeRAMSHealth Resources and Services Availability Monitoring SystemHPHealth PostHSDUHealth Service Delivery UnitICUIntensive Care UnitPHCPrimary Health CenterUHCUrban Health CentreWHOWorld Health OrganizationACRONYMS TABLE OF CONTENTSAcronymsDisclaimerOverview of HSDUsevaluatedInterpretation guideOperational status and accessibilityBuilding conditionEquipment conditionFunctionalityAccessibilityPartner supportInpatient bed capacityINTENSIVE CARE UNIT BEDSMATERNITY BEDSGENERAL INPATIENT BEDSWaterSanitation facilities IV91012141618202022242630 236 Hand-hygiene facilities34Cleaning equipment36Waste management40WASTE SEGREGATION40FINAL DISPOSAL OF SHARPS42FINAL DISPOSAL OF INFECTIOUS WASTE44Power availability48Cold chain availability50Communications equipment sufficiency54Health electronic records58Essential health services60Health service domains overview61 DISCLAIMERDisruptions to health systems can impede provision of and access to essential health services. Communities’ vulnerability toincreased morbidity and mortality substantially increases when a lack of reliable information prevents sound decision-making,especially in rapidly changing environments that require continued assessment. The Health Resources and Services Availabil-ity Monitoring System (HeRAMS) aims to provide decision-makers and health stakeholders at large with vital and up-to-dateinformation on the availability of essential health resources and services, help them identify gaps and determine priorities forintervention.HeRAMS draws on the wealth of experience and knowledge gathered by the World Health Organization (WHO) and health sectoractors, including nongovernmental organizations, donors, academic institutions and other technical bodies. It builds on a col-laborative approach involving health service providers at