宏观经济统计新标准（BPM7）发布

IMF staff regularly produces papers proposing new IMF policies, exploring options forreform, or reviewing existing IMF policies and operations. The Report prepared by IMFstaff and completed on April 10, 2025, has been released. The staff report was issued to the Executive Board for information. The report wasprepared by IMF staff. The views expressed in this paper are those of the IMF staff anddo not necessarily represent the views of the IMF's Executive Board. The IMF’s transparency policy allows for the deletion of market-sensitive informationand premature disclosure of the authorities’ policy intentions in published staff reportsand other documents. Electronic copies of IMF Policy Papersare available to the public fromhttp://www.imf.org/external/pp/ppindex.aspx International Monetary FundWashington, D.C. RELEASE OF NEW STANDARDS FOR MACROECONOMICSTATISTICS (BPM7) EXECUTIVE SUMMARY On March 20, 2025, the IMF released the seventh edition of theIntegrated Balance ofPayments and International Investment Position Manual(BPM7, theManual), updatingglobal standards for external sector statistics. This edition addresses significant changesin the global economy, including evolving economic interconnectedness, digitalization,and financial innovations. TheManual’supdate process involved extensive collaborationwith IMF member countries and users of balance of payments statistics, allowing themto actively contribute to the development and refinement of the standards, as well as toprovide their opinions before the updates received official endorsement. To supportimplementation, the IMF has developed a comprehensive strategy. The StatisticsDepartment will actively communicate the changes and assist countries in adopting thestandards through intensive training and technical assistance. The release ofBPM7coincides with the release of the updatedSystem of National Accounts, 2025(2025SNA), ensuring harmonized standards across macroeconomic statistical domains. IMFmember countries are encouraged to implement both standards within a targetimplementation window of 2029–2030 to enhance the quality and comparability ofmacroeconomic data, thereby facilitating informed policy decisions. Prepared by Carlos Sánchez-Muñoz, Kristy Howell, Venkat Josyula, andJannick Damgaard INTRODUCTION _________________________________________________________________________________3 MAIN CHANGES_________________________________________________________________________________4 IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY _________________________________________________________________5 RESEARCH AGENDA AND PLAN FOR FUTURE UPDATES ______________________________________6 INTRODUCTION 1.On March 20, 2025, the IMF released the seventh edition of theIntegrated Balance ofPayments and International Investment Position Manual(BPM7, theManual).This new editionprovides updated global standards for compiling external sector statistics, including balance ofpayments (BOP) and the integrated international investment position (IIP). It addresses key changesin the global economy, such as evolving economic interconnectedness, digitalization, andinnovations in financial markets since the last update of theManualin 2009. 2.The launch ofBPM7marks the culmination of several years of work by the IMFStatistics Department in consultation with theIMF Committee on Balance of PaymentsStatistics(BOPCOM),1with support from the global BOP community of statisticians and users.BPM7serves as a key framework for member countries, guiding the preparation of internationallycomparable statistics and the production of high-quality data that reflect economic realities. 3.TheManual’supdate process involved extensive collaboration with IMF membercountries and BOP statistics users, allowing them to actively contribute to the developmentand refinement of the standards, as well as to provide their opinions before the updatesreceived official endorsement.All recommendations and chapters were shared with the globalcommunity of BOP statisticians and users for comments, and respondents from more than 160 IMFmember countries participated in at least one consultation. 4.The release ofBPM7coincides with the release of the updatedSystem of NationalAccounts, 2025(2025 SNA), which was adopted by the United Nations Statistical Commissionon March 5, 2025.TheGovernment Finance Statistics Manual 2014andMonetary and FinancialStatistics Manual and Compilation Guide 2016will also be revised in the near term to maintain theirharmonization with the two updated standards. This uniform set of statistical methodologiesensures policymakers can make well-informed, data-driven decisions. 5.Countries are encouraged to implement both standards within a targetimplementation window of 2029–2030.The IMF will support the implementation of the updatedBPM7by providing additional guidance and technical assistance. The white cover (pre-edited)version ofBPM7is available electronically in English, with publication in other languages