射频资源智能调整技术白皮书

目录 1.1产生背景··············································································································································· 11.2技术分类··············································································································································· 11.3技术优势··············································································································································· 21.4关键因素··············································································································································· 2 2.1.1运行机制···································································································································· 12.1.2自动信道调整····························································································································· 12.1.3自动功率调整····························································································································· 42.1.4自动频宽调整····························································································································· 72.1.5高密覆盖调优····························································································································· 82.1.6典型组网应用····························································································································· 9 2.2.1运行机制···································································································································· 92.2.2自动信道调整··························································································································· 102.2.3自动功率调整··························································································································· 112.2.4自动频宽调整··························································································································· 122.2.5典型组网应用··························································································································· 13 2.3.1相关概念·································································································································· 142.3.2功能简介·································································································································· 152.3.3运行机制·································································································································· 15 3云RRM····················································································································································1 3.1.1功能简介···································································································································· 13.1.2运行机制···································································································································· 13.1.3功能实现···································································································································· 1 3.3.1 AC+Fit AP典型组网·················································································································· 73.3.2云AP典型组网·························································································································· 8 1概述 1.1产生背景 随着无线网络的普及和无线用户的大规模增长，无线网络运维的难度越来越高。用户对网络的应用需求不断增加、网络环境的不断变化，使得“为用户提供优质的网络体验”成为一个紧迫的问题。传统的运维方式依赖网络维护人员对射频参数（信道、功率、频宽）进行配置，主要存在以下问题： •技术门槛高。缺乏无线网络知识的用户，配置射频参数较为困难。•面对大规模网络，依靠人工规划网络中各射频参数，方案复杂、操作繁琐。•无法及时响应网络环境的变化，当无线网络发生变化时，网络性能难以保持在最佳状态。•维护成本高、人员投入大、时间投入多，无法高效闭环。•问题不易暴露，影响用户体验。 基于上述问题，对RRM（Radio Resource Management，射频资源管理）技术的需求非常迫切。RRM能够实时监控网络状态，对网络出现的变化进行自动优化，对射频的信道、功率、频宽进行调整。 1.2技术分类 RRM技术按照数据来源和分析计算的载体分为本地RRM和云RRM两大类。 本地RRM利用无线设备存储的本地数据进行分析计算，包含：无线控制器RRM和分布式RRM。 •无线控制器RRM适用于AC+Fit AP的组网架构。AC对AP上报的数据进行分析、统筹分配射频资源；AP承担信息采集和执行调优的角色。•分布式RRM适用于Fat AP组网架构。该技术依据AP间的协同机制，信息采集、分析、决策和执行均由AP独立完成。 云RRM利用云简网络丰富的数据，借助大数据分析能够进行多维度的计算。云简网络对AP上报的数据进行分析，统筹分配射频资源；AP承担信息采集和执行调优的角色。云RRM支持一键网优和渐进优化功能，需要网络设备连接公有云或私有云。 当本地RRM和云RRM同时开启时，由云RRM负责统一调度和调整，提供更优质的无线服务。 上述RRM技术的主要差异在于执行“扫描-分析-决策-执行”过程的设备主体不同，具体如表1所示。 •RRM技术按照集散程度还可以分为集中式RRM（包括无线控制器RRM和云RRM）和分布式RRM两大类。•本文按照“本地RRM”和“云RRM”的分类思路进行介绍。 1.3技术优势 RRM是一种射频管理解决方案，通过实时监控无线环境、收集无线环境数据，对数据进行综合分析。经过智能调优算法，形成射频参数调优方案，使无线网络能够快速适应复杂的无线环境，实时为用户带来最优的网络体验。H3C射频资源智能调整技术具有如下优点： •及时感知网络变化并做出相应调整，减少网络变化对用户使用造成的影响。•自动调整射频参数，为无线服务提供持续优化。•减少运维人力和运维时间的投入，降低运维成本。 云RRM渐进优化功能能够对终端和AP历史数据进行分析，进而对射频参数进行更有针对性的调整，除了具备上述三项优势外，还兼具以下优势： •数据驱动：基于对历史数据的分析进行调整，能够适应不同的网络场景，调整方案更精确。•闲时调整：不影响用户对网络的正常使用。•云端可视化：射频调整过程及结果全程可视化，用户体验更佳。 射频资源智能调整技术适用于如下场景： •缺少专业网络维护人员的中小型网络。•AP数量众多的大型网络，典型场景包括：办公、高校、大型商圈等。 射频资源智能调整技术会对信道、功率和频宽进行自动调整。针对要求信道、功率、频宽不能变化的场景，如：医疗漫游、AGV网络等，不建议使用本功能。 1.4关键因素 RRM技术包含三个关键因素：信道调整、功率调整和频宽调整。 对于无线局域网，信道是非常稀缺的资源，每个射频只能工作在数量有限的信道上，同时射频工作的信道可能存在大量的干扰，如雷达、微波炉等。通过信道调整功能，为射频分配最优的信道资源，避免射频工作在存在严重干扰的信道上。 •功率调整