促进有效的能源转型2025

Images:Getty ImagesDisclaimerThis document is published by theWorld Economic Forum as a contributionto a project, insight area or interaction.The findings, interpretations andconclusions expressed herein are a resultof a collaborative process facilitated andendorsed by the World Economic Forumbut whose results do not necessarilyrepresent the views of the World EconomicForum, nor the entirety of its Members,Partners or other stakeholders.©2025 World Economic Forum. All rightsreserved. No part of this publication maybe reproduced or transmitted in any formor by any means, including photocopyingand recording, or by any informationstorage and retrieval system.ContentsForewordExecutive summaryIntroduction1About the ETI2Overall results2.1Transition scores2.2Country trends and regional insights3Sub-index and dimension trends3.1System performance3.2Transition readiness4Redefining global energy systems4.1Historic drivers of energy transformation4.2Energy systems in a new global context4.3Growth and competitiveness in energy systemsConclusion: Top five actionsAppendicesContributorsEndnotes 1011142122323637394550516466Fostering Effective Energy Transition 2025 ForewordThe 2025 edition of theFostering Effective EnergyTransitionreport arrives amid growing geopolitical,technological and climate-related disruption.Rather than a single transition, the world isundergoing a broader transformation – redefininghow energy is produced, consumed and governed.This is being driven by mounting climate risks,accelerated innovation, fractured global cooperationand rising pressure to deliver reliable, affordable andlow-emission energy systems.The Energy Transition Index (ETI) offers a long-term view of how energy systems evolve acrosscountries, building on 15 years of energy transitionbenchmarking at the Forum. Early progress,particularly in Europe, was fuelled by climateambition, falling renewable costs and growingpublic support. In many emerging and resource-rich economies, energy security and equity weremore pressing. Over time, national priorities haveexpanded, with strategies increasingly shapedby supply chain resilience, industrial policy andcompetitiveness goals.The 2025 ETI reflects this evolving reality. Cleanenergy investment surpassed $2 trillion, and 65%of countries improved their performance. Yetprogress remained uneven. Advanced economiesand emerging Europe focused on infrastructureand grid upgrades, while emerging Asia advancedthrough rising investment and innovation, andSub-Saharan Africa improved most in regulationand policy. Systemic constraints – from limitedinstitutional capacity to financing and infrastructurebarriers – continued to hamper progress, especiallyin low-income economies with fast-growing demandand constrained capital access. Today’s transition is not linear. Energy systems arebeing restructured in response to diverging nationalpriorities, and decentralization and digitalizationare creating new supply and consumption models.Elsewhere, industrial policy, energy sovereigntyand mineral security have come to the forefront.These shifts do not displace climate ambition butincreasingly embed it within broader goals forresilience, competitiveness and development.Looking ahead, transformation will require morethan innovation. Energy systems must be resilient,flexible and able to scale clean technologies,improve efficiency, secure critical inputs and reduceemissions from legacy infrastructure. Setting targetsis no longer enough – capacity for delivery must beactively built amid global uncertainty.Technologies like artificial intelligence (AI), advancedstorage and decentralized infrastructure areaccelerating change but also increasing pressure onpower systems, supply chains and regulation. AsAI, quantum computing and industrial digitalizationevolve, countries must harness their potentialwithout overwhelming already-strained systems.There is no single blueprint. Countries will followdifferent paths at different speeds. Ensuring adurable and inclusive transformation requiresalignment between ambition, finance and delivery –guided by market signals, grounded in local realitiesand supported by international cooperation.The 2025 ETI offers a data-driven tool to align ambitionwith action and build more resilient, equitable andsustainable energy systems. Developed with Accentureand key data partners, it reflects shared insights intoglobal energy challenges and opportunities.Roberto BoccaHead, Centre for Energyand Materials; Member,Executive Committee,World Economic ForumFostering Effective Energy Transition 20253 Muqsit AshrafGlobal Strategy Lead,Accenture Executive summaryIn 2024, there were underlying vulnerabilitiesacross energy supply chains and markets,combined with record energy demand.Conflicts disrupted trade flows while surging demandfrom electrification, including from artificial intelligence(AI)-driven data centres, pushed global energydemand up by 2.2% (the fastest pace in years).Despite continued expans