全球吸引力指数：国家吸引力的温度计（第九版）

CONTENTSPREFACECONTRIBUTIONS OF THEADVISORYBOARDSCIENTIFICCCONTRIBUTIONS OF OTHERADVISORYBEXECUTIVESUMMARYINTRODUCTION1.The GlobalAttractiveness Index research project2.Mission, approach and working method of the ninth edition3.Participants in the Global Attractiveness Index 20244.Audit of the European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC)5.Findings of the2024 IndexTHEGAI2024RANKING:1.Introduction: the global scenario context of the findings of the GlobalAttractiveness Index 20242.Index characteristics, structure and methodological innovations3.Findings of the Global Attractiveness Index 20243.1.Country data coverage and back-calculationof the Index3.2.2024 ranking of the 146 countries3.3.Synthesis of the analysis of GAI 2024 results4.Statistical and econometric observations and evaluationsTHETABLEAU DEB1.Introduction toTableau de Bordfindings2.Detailed analysis of the changes in some Key Performance Indicatorsof the Index for Italy3.Proposals for Italian attractiveness 13OMMITTEE5OARD MEMBERS1223333538404748MAIN POINTS4951546161626671ORDFORITALY AND PROPOSALS FOR THE COUNTRY73758089 PREFACEIn the long history of humankind, those who learned to collaborate mosteffectivelyThe Global Attractiveness Index is a project launched in 2015 thanks to the support ofsome of the leading international companies investing in Italy. Our initial motivation forembarking on this path stemmed from the doubts arising from the main internationalrankings (at that time) about the ranking of Italy, primarily, but also of several othercountries. For example, the Ease of Doing Business compiled by the World Bank steadilyplaced Italy beyond the 50th position, well below developing economies such asKazakhstan and Malaysia. Groundbreaking evidence or unreliable rankings?Our work has highlighted many issues related to these instruments, which thereforecannot be considered a representative snapshot of reality. From there to drafting a moreplausible indicator was a short step, and so we developed a Composite Index, based onsolid scientific foundations and using only quantitative and objective data—eliminatingthe survey components that, in many other indicators, represent a major factor ofdistortion—whose validity has been certified, each year, by the scientific audit preparedby the Joint Research Centre of the European Commission.With time, the project has expanded to become a platform for measuring, analyzing anddiscussing attractiveness in all its aspects. And so, over the years, analyses have beenadded regarding international exposure related to the Russian invasion of Ukraine,measurements of the impact of multinational companies on the attractiveness ofecosystems, analysisof the robustness of global supply chains,assessments ofattractiveness policies, and much more.Underlying it all, however, is the ranking: a tool for observing countries by highlightingtheir strengths and weaknesses and, therefore, areas for improvement to work on,distinctive attributes to enhance and best practices of others to adapt to their owncontext. This is precisely the purpose of the Global Attractiveness Index: a platformaimed at measuring and analyzing the attractiveness of countries, with the goal ofproviding analytical tools to implement data-driven, fact-based corporate and nationalstrategies. A quantitative index created starting from databases collected from the mostreputableinternational institutions and constructed according to a rigorousmethodology. This methodology undergoes an independent statistical audit by the JointResearch Centre of the European Commission,which performs an annualmethodological review of our work, highlighting its scientific cogency.In its nine years, the GAI platform has involved myriad representatives of the businessworld and government and institutions, both national and international, involved in theprocess of repositioning Italy and other countries in international rankings, especiallyand above all on the occasion of the Index’s presentation at the annual Forum of TheEuropean House–Ambrosetti in Cernobbio, “Intelligence on the World, Europe andItaly”, which, in 2024, celebrates its momentous 50th edition.What findings emerge from the GAI 2024? The top trio (the U.S., China and Germany)has not changed since 2023, and with four exceptions (China, Singapore, Hong Kong and 3have prevailed.Charles Darwin 4India) all countries in thetop 20have seen their gap with the U.S. increase. Notably, allthe countries that are slowing down are European countries, while the only oneswithstanding the U.S. pace are Asian. Within the European slowdown, Italy (which losesonly 0.5 score points), is doing better than many others, and this explains why it rosefrom 18thto 17thplace.Good news, unquestionably, largely driven by investment growth (primarily NRRP) andthe first observable spin-offs, such as improvements in the digital sphere. Italy hasalsomaintained its ranking at the high end of the Sustainability Index, despite some aspectsto ke