Budgeting and resource planningguidance for implementing virtualinterventions as part of HIV responses Budgeting and resource planning guidance for implementing virtual interventions as part of HIVresponsesISBN (WHO) 978-92-4-010571-3 (electronic version)ISBN (WHO) 978-92-4-010572-0 (print version) © World Health Organization and theJoint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), 2025 Some rights reserved. This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0IGO licence (CCBY-NC-SA3.0IGO;https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo/). Under the terms of this licence, you may copy, redistribute and adapt the work for non-commercial purposes,provided the work is appropriately cited, as indicated below. In any use of this work, there should be nosuggestion that WHO endorses any specific organization, products or services. The use of the World HealthOrganization (WHO) or the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS(UNAIDS) logo is not permitted.If you adapt the work, then you must license your work under the same or equivalent Creative Commonslicence. If you create a translation of this work, you should add the following disclaimer along with thesuggested citation:“This translation was not created by the World Health Organization (WHO) or the JointUnited Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS). WHO and UNAIDS are not responsible for the content oraccuracy of this translation. The original English edition shall be the binding and authentic edition”. Any mediation relating to disputes arising under the licence shall be conducted in accordance with themediation rules of the World Intellectual Property Organization (http://www.wipo.int/amc/en/mediation/rules). Suggested citation. Budgeting and resource planning guidance for implementing virtual interventionsas part of HIV responses. Geneva: World Health Organization and the Joint United Nations Programmeon HIV/AIDS; 2025. Licence:CCBY-NC-SA3.0IGO. Cataloguing-in-Publication (CIP) data.CIP data are available athttps://iris.who.int/. Sales, rights and licensing.To purchase WHO publications, seehttps://www.who.int/publications/book-orders. To submit requests for commercial use and queries on rights and licensing, seehttps://www.who.int/about/policies/publishing/copyright. Third-party materials.If you wish to reuse material from this work that is attributed to a third party,such as tables, figures or images, it is your responsibility to determine whether permission is neededfor that reuse and to obtain permission from the copyright holder. The risk of claims resulting frominfringement of any third-party-owned component in the work rests solely with the user. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expressionof any opinion whatsoever on the part of the WHO and UNAIDS concerning the legal status of any country,territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.Dotted lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they areendorsed or recommended by the WHO and UNAIDS in preference to others of a similar nature that arenot mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished byinitial capital letters. All reasonable precautions have been taken by the WHO and UNAIDS to verify the information containedin this publication. However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind,either expressed or implied. The responsibility for the interpretation and use of the material lies with thereader. In no event shall the WHO and UNAIDS be liable for damages arising from its use. Design by Lushomo Contents Acknowledgments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ivAbbreviations andacronyms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .vExecutive summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .vi 1. Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 1.1Background. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11.2What are virtual health interventions?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21.3What is the purpose of this guide?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41.4How was this guide developed?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .