2D碳化钛MXenes：先进材料案例研究报告

OECD Series on the Safety of Manufactured Nanomaterials and otherAdvanced Materials 2D Titanium Carbide MXenes Case Study Report on Advanced Materials Pleasecitethispublicationas: OECD (2025),2D Titanium Carbide MXenes:Case Study Report on Advanced Materials, OECD Series on Safety ofManufactured Nanomaterials and other Advanced Materials, OECD Publishing, Paris,https://doi.org/10.1787/8437c5bf-en. © OECD 2025 Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) This work is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence. By using this work, you acceptto be bound by the terms of this licence(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Attribution–you must cite the work.Translations–you must cite the original work, identify changes to the original and add the following text:In the event of any discrepancy between the original work andthe translation, only the text of original work should be considered valid.Adaptations–you must cite the original work and add the following text:This is an adaptation of an original work by the OECD. The opinions expressed and argumentsemployed in this adaptation should not be reported as representing the official views of the OECD or of its Member countries.Third-party material–the licence does not apply to third-party material in the work. If using such material, you are responsible for obtaining permission from the third partyand for any claims of infringement.You must not use the OECD logo, visual identity or cover image without express permission or suggest the OECD endorses your use of the work.Any dispute arising under this licence shall be settled by arbitration in accordance with the Permanent Court of Arbitration(PCA) Arbitration Rules 2012. The seat ofarbitration shall be Paris (France). The number of arbitrators shall be one. Foreword Therapid emergence of novel materials such as Mxenes demands a forward-thinking and harmonisedapproach to assess their implications for human health and environmental safety. As with otheradvanced materials, the scientific and regulatory communities face both the excitement of technologicalinnovation and the responsibility to understand and manage associated risks. In this context, the OECD Working Party on Manufactured Nanomaterials (WPMN), operating under theauspices of the OECD Chemicals and Biotechnology Committee, continues to lead international effortsto ensure that the safety assessment of manufactured nanomaterials and advanced materials remainsrigorous, science-driven, and globally aligned. The WPMN’s work is essential in guiding the safedevelopment and sustainable use of materials like MXenes, encouraging transparency and cooperationamong stakeholders,and promoting robust hazard, exposure, and risk assessment strategies. This workshop marks a significant step toward strengthening the collective knowledge base andfostering a shared understanding of the potential impacts of MXenes. It brings together leading expertsand regulatory bodies to discuss the state of the science,identify knowledge gaps, and chart a pathforward for informed decision-making. The findings from the OED WPMN Case studies on advancedmaterials should serve as a foundation for continued discussion and collaboration. It is hoped that theseoutcomes willsupport informed decision making by a range of stakeholders, including industry,academia, and regulatory authorities. We acknowledge the contributions of the WPMN experts and their efforts to promote safety, scientificrigor, and international coordination, while also contributing to responsible innovation and maintaininga globally competitive approach to materials development. This document is published under the responsibility of the OECD Chemicals and BiotechnologyCommittee. Table of contents Foreword3 Executive summary61 Background72 MXenes case study83 OECD WPMN Workshop on MXenes124 Concluding remarks22References23Annex A. Case study details27Annex B. Participant list45Annex C. Workshop survey results48 Tables Table1.Number of publications identified from different sources and considered for Early4AdMaassessment.10Table2. Summary of the answers to the questions of Early4AdMa step 5 for titanium carbide MXenesshowing the number of potential issues per sub-topic.11Table3. Agenda of the OECD WPMN workshop held on the 28th of May 2024 via Zoom.12Table4. Overview of potential human health issues for titanium carbide MXenes and suggested follow-upactions presented during the OECD WPMN workshop.14Table5. Overview of potential environmental safety issues for titanium carbide MXenes and suggestedfollow-up actions presented during the OECD WPMN workshop.15Table6.Overview of potential sustainability issues for titanium carbide MXenes and related follow-upactions presented during the OECD WPMN workshop.16Table7. Overview of potential regulatory issues for titanium carbide MXenes and related follow-up actionspresented during the OECD WPMN workshop.17Table8.Ranking of the potenti