引领潮流：印度电动汽车电池回收

EV BATTERY RECYCLING IN INDIA The public and private sectors have invested significantly in electricvehicles (EVs) to lower carbon emissions and lessen reliance on fossilfuels, leading to India’s revolutionary transition towards cleantransportation. The Indian EV market has grown rapidly because ofprograms, such as the Production-Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme, theFaster Adoption and Manufacturing of Hybrid and Electric Vehicles(FAME) II, and state-level incentives. India is now one of the world'sfastest-growing EV markets thanks to a sharp increase in EV sales,especially because of electric two and three-wheelers. This expansion also brings with it a severep r oble m :m a n a g i n g E V b a t te r ie ssustainably. Most of EVs are powered bylithium-ion batteries (LIBs), which have alimited lifespan of six to ten years. Indiahasa severe problem with wastem a n a g e me n ta n d e n v i r o n me n t a lsustainability because of the anticipatedincrease in battery disposal. Unlike lead-acidbatteries which have a well-organised recycling ecosystem with anefficiency of over 90%, recycling lithium-ion batteries is in its initial stages. seenby the emergence of firms likeLohum,Attero,and Tata Chemicals.Establishingan effective EV batteryrecycling ecosystem will be essential toattainingsustainable mobility as Indiastrives for net-zero emissions by 2070. THE INDIAN EV MARKET Increasing EV adoption The EV market is expanding at an unseenrateowing to changes in consumerpreferencesregarding sustainablemobility,government regulations,andt e c h n o l o g yb r e a k t h r o u g h s .T h egovernment has aggressively encouragedE Va d o p t i o n t h r o u g h s u b s i d i e s ,incentives, and restrictions in response toconcerns about air pollution, rising fuelprices, and carbon emissions. India is progressively moving towards as t r u c t u r e da pp r o a c h ,a s s e e n b yregulatory interventions like the BatteryWaste Management Rules (2022), whichincorporatethe Extended ProducerResponsibility(EPR)concept.Thegrowing interest in this industry is also According to Fortune Business Insights, in2023, the EV market was estimated to beworthUS$8.03 billion.The market isanticipatedto expand at a compoundannual growth rate (CAGR) of 22.4% fromUS$ 23.38 billion in 2024 to US$ 117.78billion by 2032. manufacturingof EV components,includingbatteries,to reduce importdependency.†Battery Swapping Policy:Aimed at standardising and promoting battery-as-a-service (BaaS) models, particularly fortwo- and three-wheelers. †State EV Policies: Many Indian states,such as Maharashtra, Delhi, and TamilNadu,have introduced their owni n c e n t i v e sf o r E V b u y e r s a n dmanufacturers. There is an increasing demand for electricve h i c le sbr ou g ht o n b y g r ow i n genvironmentalawareness and costefficiency which EV owners benefit from.This rising demand of EV’s contributed toIndia's booming automobile sector, whichcurrently ranks fifth in the world, and ispredicted to move to third by 2030. SinceIndia imports 80% of its crude oil needs,relyingsolely on conventional energysources is inappropriate. Furthermore, by2030,India wants to increase thepercentage of EV sales to 30% for privateautomobiles,70%for commercialvehicles, 40% for buses, and 80% for two-and three-wheelers. By 2030, there will be80million EVs on Indian roadways,which is an ambitious goal. Additionally,India's Make in India campaign aims toproduce all EVs domestically. This growthis fuelled by multiple factors: ®D e c l i n i n g bat t er y c o s t s a n dimproving technology †Battery prices have fallen by 90% overthepast decade,making EVs moreaffordable. †Advances in lithium-ion batterytechnology, fast charging, and solid-statebatteriesare improving range andefficiency. ®Rise of EV startups and marketplayers †Leading automakers like Tata Motors,Mahindra, Ola Electric, and Ather Energyare launching competitive EV models.†The emergence of new players in the ®Government support and policies batterymanufacturing and recyclingspace is creating a strong supply chainecosystem. †Faster Adoption and Manufacturing ofElectricVehicles(FAME)II:A subsidyschemeoffering incentives for EVpurchasesand charging infrastructuredevelopment.†Production-Linked Incentive(PLI) ®Increasing charging infrastructure S c h e m e :E n c o u r a g e s d o m e s t i c †The number of public chargings t a t i o n si n I n d i a h a s i n c r e a s e d significantly, with government and privateinvestments accelerating deployment. Current EV market breakdown The EV industry in India is expandingsignificantlyacross several segments,each of which adds something special totheoverall picture.With around 1.2million sold, electric two-wheelers (E2Ws)accounted for around 60% of all EV salesin 2024, making them the leading force.Leading manufacturers like Ola Electric,TVS Motor Company, and Ather Energy,who together control more than 65% oftheE2W market share,are the maindrivers. industry.Ho