能源效率在工业竞争力中的作用

The Role of Energy Efficiencyin Industrial Competitiveness INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY The IEA examines the full spectrum of energyissues including oil, gas and coal supply anddemand, renewable energy technologies,electricity markets, energy efficiency, access toenergy, demand side management and muchmore. Through its work, the IEA advocatespolicies that will enhance the reliability,affordability and sustainability of energy in its 32MemberCountries,13Association countries andbeyond. SpainSwedenSwitzerlandRepublic of TürkiyeUnited KingdomUnited States IEAMember countries:Australia AustriaBelgiumCanadaCzech RepublicDenmarkEstoniaFinlandFranceGermanyGreeceHungaryIrelandItalyJapanKoreaLatviaLithuaniaLuxembourgMexicoNetherlandsNew ZealandNorwayPolandPortugalSlovak Republic TheEuropean Commissionalso participates in the workof the IEA This publication and any map included herein arewithout prejudice to the status of or sovereigntyover any territory, to the delimitation ofinternational frontiers and boundaries and to thename of any territory, city or area. IEAAssociation countries: ArgentinaBrazilChinaEgyptIndiaIndonesiaKenyaMoroccoSenegalSingaporeSouth AfricaThailandUkraine Acknowledgements, contributors, and credits Analysis and input from the IEA World Energy Outlook, TrackingCleanEnergy Progress,World Energy Investment,and EnergyTechnology Perspectives teams was essential to this work. Particularthanks go to Araceli Fernandez Pales, Chiara Delmastro, VincentJacamon, Martin Kueppers and Richard Simon. This report was prepared by the Office of Energy Efficiency andInclusive Transitions (EEIT) in the Directorate of Energy Markets andSecurity (EMS) under the leadership ofBrian Motherway, Head ofEEIT, andJérôme Bilodeau, Senior Programme Manager. The report was designed and directed byMine Isik. Other authorsare (in alphabetical order):Federico Callioni, Nicholas Howarth,ChrisMatthew,Emma Mooney,Brendan Reidenbach,VidaRoziteand Fabian Voswinkel.Further support and input wereprovided by Lucas Boehlé, Juliette Denis-Senez, Ana Lepure andSimrat Kaur. Susan R. Copeland edited the report. This report would not have been possible without the support ofJethro Mullen, Head of the Communications and Digital Office (CDO),and his team, who were responsible for the production and launch ofthe report, especially Liv Gaunt, Astrid Dumond, Poeli Bojorquez andAndrea Pronzati. KeisukeSadamori,Director of EMS,provided important expertguidance and advice. Valuable comments, feedback and guidancewereprovided by other senior management within the IEA,inparticular Tim Gould and Nick Johnstone. Additionally,we acknowledge the support of Danfoss for theimplementation of the competitiveness survey. We also thank theEnergy Efficiency Movement for co-hosting the workshop on the Roleof Energy Efficiency in Industrial Competitiveness, as well as theparticipants for their valuable input. Special thanks go to theIEA Energy Data Centrefor their support onChapter1,particularlyfromRobertaQuadrelli,ThomasElghozi,and Agnieszka Koscielniak. Table of contents Summary for policymakers ............................................................................5Chapter 1: Energy demand and competitiveness ........................................7Chapter 2: Unlocking the potential of energy efficiency ...........................172.1. Efficiency opportunities at the firm level................................................182.2. Efficiency in action ................................................................................272.3. What firms are saying ...........................................................................36Chapter 3: Opportunities in efficiency markets .........................................41Chapter 4: Policy implications .....................................................................48Case studies ..................................................................................................52 Summary for policymakers Summary for policymakers not only present in heavy industries, but also in the lighter industriesthat form the backbone of many economies, collectively accountingfor half of global industrial value added and two-thirds of jobs. Energyefficiency delivers more than energy savings andemission reductions – it can also improve the competitivenessof countries and firms.From increased profitability to job creation,energy efficiency helps firms compete amid high costs, growingdemand, and rising trade pressures. In today’s global context, energyefficiency is not only a matter of energy policy, but also of economicpolicy. Meanwhile, the manufacturing of energy efficiency technologiesrepresentsa new opportunity.Global investment in energyefficiency continues to accelerate, increasing by 150% since 2015.Rising indicators, from manufacturing capacity to RD&D investments,signal ongoing market growth. Firms that position themselves asproducers, as well as users, of energy efficiency technolog