您的浏览器禁用了JavaScript(一种计算机语言,用以实现您与网页的交互),请解除该禁用,或者联系我们。[毕马威]:2025年二季度中国经济观察报告 - 发现报告

2025年二季度中国经济观察报告

2025-05-01毕马威F***
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2025年二季度中国经济观察报告

© 2025 KPMG Huazhen LLP, a People's Republic of China partnership, KPMG Advisory (China) Limited, a limited liability company in Chinese Mainland, KPMG, a Macau (SAR) partnership, and KPMG, a Hong Kong(SAR) partnership, are member firms of the KPMG global organisation of independent member firms affiliated with KPMG International Limited, a private English company limited by guarantee. All rights reserved.Keytakeaways•China’s real GDP grew by 5.4% year-on-year (YoY) in Q1 2025, matching the growth rate in Q4 2024 and exceeding market expectations. Therobust start of China’s economy was fueled by proactive policies implemented since last September, as well as front-loading exports ahead of USreciprocal tariffs. But the growth of major economic indicators including industrial production, retail sales and fixed asset investment marginallyslowed in April due to the escalation in China-US tariff tensions.•Thanks to policies toboostconsumption, the YoY growth rate of total retail sales increased from 4.0% in Q4 2024 to 4.6% in Q1 2025. Meanwhile,as local government debt burdens ease, urban renewal and consumption-related infrastructure projects expand, infrastructure investmentmaintains strong. The growth rate of manufacturing investment remained relatively stable, decreasing slightly by 0.1 percentage points from theprevious quarter to 9.1%.•Supported bystronginfrastructure investment, export front-loading, equipment upgrades and consumer goods trade-in programmes, industrialproductiongrew by 6.5% year-on-year in Q1, further increasing from 5.8%of 2024 full year growth. Notably, manufacturing production grew from6.1% of last year to 7.1% in Q1.•Although the decline in real estate investment narrowed by 2.5 percentage points to -9.9% compared to Q4 2024, it still remains the largest dragon fixed asset investment, pulling down overall investment by 1.7 percentage points. Stabilising the real estate market is still a priority ofgovernment economic work this year.•Underlying concerns about economic performance persist as export front-loading ends in the second half of this year. Overcapacity and fierceprice competitions are eroding industrial profits. The GDP deflator for Q1 2025 was -0.8%, marking the eighth consecutive quarter of negativereadings. In response to these challenges,the governmenthas committed to a comprehensive policy package to steer the economy, as indicatedin the Politburo meeting on April 25, including accelerating actions on existing policies and introducing targeted incremental policies: such as cutsin lending costs, additional quotas for relending facilities, to strengthen private enterprises, technological innovation, consumption, foreign trade,and the real estate and capital markets. Additional policy-based financial instruments are expected to be introduced to reinforce infrastructureinvestment.•The substantial progress in China-US trade negotiations in May is expected to alleviate the downward pressure on China’s economy for the rest ofQ2 2025. Given the lingering uncertainties in global trade following the 90-day pause, Chinese enterprises are likely to accelerate their exports,thereby driving strong performance in China‘s industrial productionandmanufacturing investment in Q2. 2 © 2025 KPMG Huazhen LLP, a People's Republic of China partnership, KPMG Advisory (China) Limited, a limited liability company in Chinese Mainland, KPMG, a Macau (SAR) partnership, and KPMG, a Hong Kong(SAR) partnership, are member firms of the KPMG global organisation of independent member firms affiliated with KPMG International Limited, a private English company limited by guarantee. All rights reserved.China'seconomyhasshownarobuststartinQ12025Growth rate of major economic indicators, YoY, %Source: Wind, KPMG analysisNote: GDP growth, industrial production, and income per capita are in real terms, other indicators are in nominal terms.2020-23Average20242024Q12024 Q22024 Q32024 Q4GDP4.8%5.0%5.3%4.7%4.6%5.4%Industrialproduction5.1%5.8%6.1%5.9%5.1%5.7%Retail sales3.7%3.5%4.7%2.7%2.5%4.0%Fixed assetinvestment4.0%3.2%4.5%3.5%2.5%2.6%Exports7.8%5.9%1.5%5.7%5.9%9.9%Imports5.3%1.1%1.6%2.5%2.2%-1.8%Income percapita4.8%5.1%6.2%4.2%4.1%5.7%Fiscalrevenue4.6%1.3%-2.3%-3.2%-0.8%13.1%Fiscalexpenditures3.7%3.6%2.9%1.1%1.9%8.0% •China’s real GDP grew by 5.4% in Q12025,consistent with the growth rate inQ4 2024 and exceeding marketexpectations.•The robust start of China’s economy wasboosted by the proactive implementationof domestic policies, which supported theongoing household consumption andcorporate investment recovery.Meanwhile, China’s exports maintainedresilience in Q1, as enterprises front-loaded trade shipments in anticipation ofUS reciprocal tariffs in April.•Following substantial progress in theChina-US trade negotiations in May,Chinese enterprises are expected toaccelerate their export front-loading toaddress future uncertainties, therebydriving strong performance in China'sindustrial production, manufacturinginve