政府在海湾合作委员会中的重要作用

© Oliver WymanINTRODUCTIONThe primary work of government is to continually improve the lives and opportunitiesof its citizens, fostering their success and fulfilment. Governments achieve this by workingacross all facets of life, from building strong and sustainable economies, toensuringhigh-quality education and health outcomes, modern infrastructure — everything thatforms the bedrock of a thrivingnation.To deliver across these diverse elements, governments have established increasingly complexsystems. Ministries, authorities, and related entities, each with specific areas of focus andresponsibilities, comprise this intricate ecosystem. While it allows for addressing a broadspectrum of government services, this complexity also creates a web of policies, initiatives,projects, and legislation. If not centrally aligned, these elements can contradict each other,hindering progress — a phenomenon we term policy drag, which refers to the delays andinefficiencies caused by misaligned or conflicting governmentpolicies.This paper provides a framework to assist governments in overcoming policydrag.It outlines principles and structures that, when implemented at the Center of Government(CoG), can ensure policy alignment. This encompasses both a vertical and horizontaldimension, establishing coherence across the government ecosystem. Such alignmentis critical for governments to deliver continuous improvements for their citizens quicklyandefficiently.In essence, this paper advocates for designing a policy universe that functions harmoniouslywith all its components, enabling the most efficient path to progress. The four pillars of ourguidance system are:•Defining a clear North Star and the policy universe beneathit•Empowering a robust Centre of Government Policy Unit (CoGPU) to act as a policy airtraffic control system with the power to advise entities and leadership on thesuitabilityof a new policy•Ensuring the CoGPU owns and leverages both human and generative artificial intelligence(AI) assets to evaluate policy impact as well as flag potential conflicts, overlap orcontradictions across the entire policy universe•Ensuring governments can adjust to market changes and unforeseen events throughforward scanning and agilityWhile most governments in the region have a clear North Star, commonly known as“Visions”, and are concentrating on strategy development, they may lack a framework toensure their myriad strategies align horizontally and vertically within a unifiedstructure.Our aim is to start a conversation about designing and delivering continually betteroutcomes for theGulf. © Oliver WymanHOW LEADERSHIP AMBITION DELIVERS RESULTS ON THEGROUND — THE POLICY UNIVERSEWhile the interpretation of public policy varies, it is most commonly defined as a course ofaction followed by the government to address a specific public problem or issue. Policiestranslate leadership’s vision, priorities, and stance on issues and opportunities of nationalinterest into a framework that guides government actions and coordinated strategies todeliverimpact.Effective public policy is formulated through a structured and iterative process knownas the policy cycle, which begins with issue identification, policy formulation, approval,implementation, andevaluation.The role of the government is widely recognized as building an ecosystem in which theprivate sector and markets can offer solutions and improvements to our daily lives throughhealthy competition and innovation. However, there are instances when governments needto step in, particularly in cases of market failure or, more specifically, in the GCC regionwhere the market is still relativelynascent.Policymaking is complex and consists of a multi-layered set of components from highlyaspirational to executionfocused.Exhibit 1: The Oliver Wyman Policy UniverseNorthStarPoliciesStrategiesLegislation et alPolicy InstrumentsSource: Oliver Wyman analysis © Oliver Wyman•North Star:The Policy Universe is guided by a North Star, providing overarching directionfor the entire ecosystem (typically National Visions, or Presidential/Prime Ministerpromises stemming from an electoral campaign). A North Star needs toencapsulatea country’s desired state over the long term (for example 10-15years).•Policies:Comprised of a policy agenda set usually by the Cabinet, informed by Medium-Term Leadership Priorities (3 to 5 years) and the North Star, cascaded into policiesdeveloped by relevant government entities or sector “champions” and delivered throughpolicy instruments such as strategies andlegislation.A clear North Star and subsequent policy agenda guides trade-offs and supportspolicymakers across government to ensure their work has purpose andcontributesto the national efforts in a concerted and coherent way. Some governments haveembraced universal policy priorities that remain consistent regardless of the ruling party.For example, the UK has maintained a steadfast commitment to universal healthcarethat is provided free