拉丁美洲的非正规性和家庭脆弱性：数据、见解和对劳动力正规化政策的影响

DATA, INSIGHTS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR LABOURFORMALISATION POLICIES Informality andHouseholds’Vulnerabilitiesin Latin America Data,Insights andImplications forLabourFormalisationPolicies This work is published under theresponsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD and the SecretaryGeneral of the OISS. The opinions expressed and arguments employed herein do not necessarily reflectthe official views of the Member countries of the OECD, the members of its Development Centre, or themembers of the OISS. The names and representation of countries and territories used in this joint publication follow the practiceof the OECD. This document, as well as any data and map included herein are without prejudice to the status of orsovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the nameof any territory, city or area. Photo credits:Cover design by Aida Buendiausing images from © By IrenaV / Shutterstock.com © OECD/OISS2024 Attribution4.0 International (CCBY4.0) This work is madeavailable under the Creative Commons Attribution4.0 International licence. By using this work, you accept to be bound by the termsof this licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Attribution–you must cite the work. Translations–you must cite the original work, identify changes to the original and add the following text:In the event of any discrepancy between theoriginal work and the translation, only the text of original work should be considered valid. Adaptations–you must cite the original work and add the following text:This is an adaptation of an original work by the OECD. The opinions expressedand arguments employed in this adaptation should not be reported as representing the official views of the OECD or of its Member countries. Third-party material–the licence does not apply to third-party material in the work. If using such material, you are responsible for obtaining permissionfrom the third partyand for any claims of infringement. You must not use the OECD logo, visual identity or cover image without express permission or suggest the OECD endorses your use of the work. Any dispute arising under this licence shall be settled by arbitration in accordance with the Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) Arbitration Rules2012.The seat of arbitration shall be Paris (France). The number of arbitrators shall be one. Acknowledgements Thisreportwas produced by the OECD Development Centre (OECD DEV) and the Ibero-American SocialSecurity Organisation (OISS).The OECD DEV team includes AlexandreKolev,Justina La,ThomasManfredi, Nathalia MontoyaGonzález, Sebastián Nieto Parra and Juan Vazquez Zamora.The OISS teamwas led by Ana Mohedano and Manuel Pedro Baganha. Many thanks go to the Publications andCommunicationsDivision of the OECD Development Centre,notably to Delphine Grandrieux andHenri-Bernard Solignac-Lecomte for their work on the production of thisreport. Thereportismainlybasedon the OECDKey Indicators of Informality based on Individuals and theirHouseholds(KIIbIH) database andonlabour and social protection policy experiencesin Latin America,drawingon previous editions of the annualOECD/UN ECLAC/CAF/EU flagship, the Latin AmericanEconomic Outlook(LEO), as well asonseveralOISSstudies.The KIIbIH databasewasdeveloped by theOECD Development Centre and co-financed bytheSwedish International Development CooperationAgency (SIDA). It covers African, SoutheastAsian, European and Central Asian, and Latin American andCaribbean countries.OISS studies were developed through extensive dialogues between regionalgovernments, including events such as the "First Forum on challenges of labour formalisationin Ibero-America" (20-21 October 2022), the "Fifth Ibero-American Meeting on gender equity and social security:Promoting women's labour formalisation" (20-21 April 2023), the "Social protection and mobility of workers"seminar (6-7 November 2023), the "Second Forum on challenges of labour formalisation in Ibero-America"(7-8 September 2023), and the "How to expand social security coverage for hard-to-reach groups:Legislation and best practices for youth affiliation in Ibero-America" seminar (19-21 March2024). Thereport was also enriched by constructive feedback received in several technical discussions,workshops and seminars. These include:theApril 2024LEOexperts meeting,where results of thisreportwere discussedwithrelevant OECD directorates,academics and policy makers;the OECD expertsmeeting"Extending Social Protection to Informal Workers", which took place in June 2023;and the UNECLAC Interregional seminar"The Future of Social Protection in the Face of a Cascade of Crises: MovingTowards Universality with Solidarity and Sustainability", which took place in March 2023.The OECDEmployment and Social Affairs Directorateprovided valuable comments onprevious versions of thisanalysis.Finally, we are gratefulto AECID (Spanish Agency for International Development Cooperation)for their finan