了解企业中的技能差距：PIAAC雇主模块的结果

Understanding Skill Gapsin Firms RESULTS OF THE PIAAC EMPLOYER MODULE Understanding Skill Gapsin Firms RESULTS OF THE PIAAC EMPLOYER MODULE This work is published under the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the OECD. The opinions expressed andarguments employed herein do not necessarily reflect the official views of the Member countries of the OECD. This document, as well as any data and map included herein, are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty overany territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. ISBN 978-92-64-31478-8 (print)ISBN 978-92-64-37984-8 (PDF)ISBN 978-92-64-50303-8 (HTML) OECD Skills StudiesISSN 2307-8723 (print)ISSN 2307-8731 (online) Photo credits:Cover © fizkes/Shutterstock.com. Corrigenda to OECD publications may be found at: https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/support/corrigenda.html.© OECD 2024 Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)This work is made available under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International licence. By using this work, you accept to be bound by the terms of this licence(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Attribution– you must cite the work.Translations– you must cite the original work, identify changes to the original and add the following text:In the event of any discrepancy between the original work and thetranslation, only the text of original work should be considered valid.Adaptations– you must cite the original work and add the following text:This is an adaptation of an original work by the OECD. The opinions expressed and arguments employed inthis adaptation should not be reported as representing the official views of the OECD or of its Member countries.Third-party material– the licence does not apply to third-party material in the work. If using such material, you are responsible for obtaining permission from the third party and forany claims of infringement.You must not use the OECD logo, visual identity or cover image without express permission or suggest the OECD endorses your use of the work.Any dispute arising under this licence shall be settled by arbitration in accordance with the Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) Arbitration Rules 2012. The seat of arbitration shallbe Paris (France). The number of arbitrators shall be one. Foreword The Programme for the International Assessment of AdultCompetencies (PIAAC),co-ordinated by theOrganisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD),is a major initiative to assess the skillsof adults worldwide.PIAAC plays a crucial role in informing policy decisions, supporting research andassisting stakeholders in the field ofeducation and employment through evidence-based insights. This report focuses on a specific component of PIAAC–the PIAAC Employer Survey Module on SkillGaps. The Employer Module is designed to provide insights into employers’perspectives on current andfuture skill needs and the human resource practices used to meet these challenges. By collectinginformation in a consistent and standardised manner across OECDcountries, the Module provides acomparative view of employer practices, enriching existing national employer skills surveys and theinsights on skill mismatches gained from the PIAAC household survey. This first iteration of the Employer Module was implemented infiveEuropean countries–Hungary, Italy,the Netherlands, Portugal and the SlovakRepublic–in 2021 and 2022as part of the European ContinuingVocational Training Survey (CVTS). The reference year for the survey is2020. The OECD is grateful totheEuropean Commission,DG Employment,for its financial support for the development andimplementation of the Employer Module, with special thanks to Manuela Vahovska. Thanks are also dueto the ministries, statistical offices and other relevant national authorities of the participating countries fortheir commitment and contributions, notably: KatalinDudás(Hungarian Central Statistical Office), ManuelaNicosia and Alessandro Faramondi (Italian National Institute of Statistics),Fabio Roma (ItalianNationalInstitute for Public Policies Analysis), Jesper van Thor and Astrid Pleijers (Statistics Netherlands),LuísRothes and João Queirós(PIAAC Project Group–PortugueseAgency for Qualification and VocationalEducation and Training) andIldikó Pathóová(Ministry of Education, Research, Development and Youth ofthe SlovakRepublic). This report was written by Elif Bahar and Anja Meierkord (Project Lead) under the supervision of StijnBroecke (Senior Economist) and Glenda Quintini (Head ofthe Skills and Future Readiness Division)of theOECD Directorate for Employment, Labour and Social Affairs.The authors would like to thank colleaguesfrom theSkills andFutureReadiness Division of the Directorate for Employment, Labour and Social Affairsand the PIAACteamof the Directorate for Education and Skills for theirhelpful comments and supportduring the preparation of the report. Special thanks are g