基于LTE-V2X直连通信技术的V2X应用设计运行范围分析

摘要 本研究主要就基于LTE-V2X直连通信技术的V2X应用的设计运行范围(ODD,OperationalDesignDomain)进行分析，明确不同工况下的使用边界。 研究背景部分指出，在国内V2X的应用实践已经取得一定成果，最新的C-NCAP2024版ADAS测试规程也提及了允许应用C-V2X技术解决部分场景，V2X应用上车开启加速模式。但目前尚缺少V2X设计运行范围的研究，尤其是特殊工况下的应用边界，因此需要进一步明确V2X场景的ODD，为功能量产提供可靠依据，提升落地规范化。本研究选取了前向碰撞预警、交叉路口碰撞预警、闯红灯预警及异常/故障车辆提醒四个特定场景，阐述论证过程和ODD分析结果。 在研究框架部分，主要说明了本研究的研究思路，首先根据对单车智能能力增强、是否面向量产及用户接受度等角度制定场景筛选原则，明确研究场景及入选理由。本研究的研究路径为优先厘清V2X应用实现过程，明确各个环节作用边界，在拆分出各预期影响因素的前提下，提出测试验证方法，以验证ODD分析结果的合理性。在运行范围分析方法研究部分，预期通过研究确定影响系统正常工作的条件因素。通过需求拆解法分析出为保证V2X应用稳定运行所需的条件因素，在此基础上进行具体的运行条件分析，明确道路环境、系统状态、信源输入、天气环境对V2X应用预警的影响，并说明如何进行特殊工况的识别，以保证V2X系统可以根据实际通行条件进行相应的预警响应。在特定场景ODD分析部分，本研究针对前向碰撞预警、交叉路口碰撞预警、闯红灯预警及异常/故障车辆提醒分别进行场景定义、场景基础指标、典型特殊工况筛选、场景ODD的说明，分析出研究场景的设计行运行范围。 本研究论证了基于LTE-V2X的应用设计运行范围研究方法，并就分析过程及结果进行说明，在可行工况下，V2X应用可以起到主动保护的作用。后续可基于本研究的研究方法拓展到对其他V2X功能场景的分析。 ExecutiveSummary ThisstudyfocusesonresearchingtheOperationalDesignDomain(ODD)ofV2XapplicationsbasedonLTE-V2Xdirectcommunicationtechnology,aimingtoclarifytheiroperationalboundariesunderdiverseconditions. TheresearchbackgroundindicatesthatcertainachievementshavebeenmadeintheapplicationpracticeofV2XinChina,andthelatestC-NCAP(China-NewCarAssessmentProgramme)2024versionalsomentionsthatC-V2XtechnologycanbeusedtosolvesomescenariosandaccelerateV2Xapplicationonvehicles.However,thereremainsalackofsystematicresearchonV2XODD,particularlyregardingapplicationlimitsunderspecialworkingconditions.Tosupportstandardizedmassproductionandensurefunctionalreliability,thisstudydefinesODDsforV2Xscenarios.Fourcriticalscenarios—FCW,ICW,AVW,andRLVW—areselectedtodemonstratetheODDanalysisprocess. Inthe research framework section,this study outlines the methodology,beginning with establishingscenarioscreening principles based on factors such as enhancements to single-vehicle intelligence,productionfeasibility,and user acceptance,thereby clarifying research scenarios and their selectionrationale.The research path prioritizes defining the implementation process of V2X applications,delineatingfunctionalboundariesacrossstages,identifyingpotentialinfluencingfactors,andproposingtesting/validationmethodstoverifytherationalityofODDanalysis.Intheoperationalscopeanalysissection,thestudyaimstodeterminecriticalconditionsaffectingsystemperformance.Byapplyingarequirementdecompositionapproach,itanalyzesstabilityprerequisitesforV2Xapplications,evaluatestheimpactofroadenvironments,systemstatus,signalinputs,andweatherconditionsonV2Xwarnings,anddefinesmethodologiesforidentifyingspecialoperatingconditionstoensureadaptivewarningresponsesunderreal-worldscenarios. InthespecificscenarioODDanalysissection,thisstudyconductsscenariodefinitions,implementationprocessanalysis,screeningofspecificconditions,andODDclarificationsforthefourscenariosmentionedearlier.Throughthesesteps,thestudydefinestheoperationalboundariesofeachscenariounderspecificconditions. ThisstudydemonstratestheresearchmethodologyfordefiningtheODDofV2Xapplications,detailingtheanalysisprocessandfindings.ItconfirmsthatV2X-enabledfunctionscandeliveractiveprotectionunderfeasibleoperationalconditions.TheanalyticalframeworkestablishedherecanbeextendedtoassessotherV2Xscenariosinfutureresearch. 目录 2.1.1概述.................................................................................................................22.1.2场景筛选.........................................................................................................3 2.2研究路径....................................................................................................................5 2.2.1系统工作原理.................................................................................................52.2.2系统工作过程分析.........................................................................................62.2.3测试验证.........................................................................................................7 3.1运行条件识别..........................................................................................................10 3.2.1道路环境........................................................................................................113.2.2系统状态.......................................................................................................133.2.3信源输入.......................................................................................................143.2.4天气环境.......................................................................................................14 3.3特殊工况识别..........................................................................................................15 4.1前向碰撞预警..........................................................................................................16 4.1.1场景分析.......................................................................................................164.1.2特殊工况下的前向碰撞预警.......................................................................16 4.2交叉路口碰撞预警..................................................................................................19 4.2.1场景分析......