迈向零碳排放电子技术

Towards Net-Zero Electronics Unlocking the power of energy efficiency inmanufacturing facilities About RMI RMI is an independent nonprofit, founded in 1982 as Rocky Mountain Institute, that transforms globalenergy systems through market-driven solutions to align with a 1.5°C future and secure a clean,prosperous, zero-carbon future for all. We work in the world’s most critical geographies and engagebusinesses, policymakers, communities, and NGOs to identify and scale energy system interventionsthat will cut climate pollution at least 50 percent by 2030. RMI has offices in Basalt and Boulder,Colorado; New York City; Oakland, California; Washington, D.C.; Abuja, Nigeria; and Beijing, People’sRepublic of China. Authors and Acknowledgments Authors Ting LiWei LiGuangxu WangMeng Wang Authors listed alphabetically. All authors from RMI unless otherwise noted. Contacts Wei Li,wli@rmi.orgGuangxu Wang,gwang@rmi.org Copyrights and Citation Wei Li, Guangxu Wang, and Meng Wang,Towards Net-Zero Electronics: Unlocking the power of energyefficiency in manufacturing facilities, RMI, 2025,https://rmi.org/insight/towards-net-zero-electronics/. RMI values collaboration and aims to accelerate the energy transition through sharing knowledge andinsights. We therefore allow interested parties to reference, share, and cite our work through the CreativeCommons CC BY-SA 4.0 license.https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/. Images are from iStock.com unless otherwise noted. Table of Contents 1.Why Supply Chain Energy Management Matters in the ElectronicsManufacturing Industry................................................................ 5 Importance of supply chain energy efficiency in the electronics manufacturing industry.............5Managing energy efficiency in final assembly, testing, and packaging (FATP) facilities.................7 2.Retrofitting Existing Facilities for Energy Efficiency........................ 9 Key considerations in an energy audit.................................................................................... 10Systems investigation for optimal energy-saving potential..................................................... 11Process air system.................................................................................................................... 12HVAC system............................................................................................................................. 15Production system.................................................................................................................... 17Lighting and other facility appliances....................................................................................... 19Project implementation and acceptance................................................................................ 21Savings verification.............................................................................................................. 22 Key principles for new FATP facilities with an integrated design approach................................ 24Implementing integrated design: key considerations for energy efficiency in new FATP facilities...... 27Building and facility layout....................................................................................................... 27System and equipment............................................................................................................. 28Control and monitoring............................................................................................................ 28 Endnotes........................................................................................31 1.Why Supply Chain EnergyManagement Matters in theElectronics Manufacturing Industry The electronics manufacturing industry is experiencing rapid growth, driven by the global shift towarddigitization, automation, and technologies such as 5G, the Internet of Things, and artificial intelligence (AI).The global electronics market was valued at $1.275 trillion in 2023 and is growing at a rate of 7.5%, with theAsia–Pacific region and North America driving demand.1In China, the electronics manufacturing industrywas the top industry in terms of revenue from 2013 to 2023. China’s supply-chain market reached RMB37.72 trillion (US$5.2 trillion) in 2023, with about 41,200 electronics manufacturing companies.2 The electronics industry plays a critical role in the global energy transition and efforts to combat climatechange; as demand for electronic products increases, so does the sector’s environmental impact,particularly in terms of energy consumption and emissions. The electronics industry is estimated tobe responsible for more than 4% of global greenhouse gas emissions.3By driving innovation in energytechnologies, the sector is helping reduce greenhouse gas emissions and moving toward a moresustainable, low-carbon economy. Energy efficiency is a key pillar in the global energy transition