Spero Therapeutics Inc 2024年度报告

☒ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF1934 For the fiscal year endedDecember 31,2024or TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACTOF 1934 For the transition period from ____to____ SPERO THERAPEUTICS, INC. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) Registrant’s telephone number, including area code (857)242-1600 Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Title of each classTrading Symbol(s)Name of each exchange on which registeredCommon Stock, $0.001 par value per shareSPROThe Nasdaq Global Select Market Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes☐No☒ Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act. Yes☐No☒ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during thepreceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past90 days.Yes☒No☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of RegulationS-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).Yes☒No☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerginggrowth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2of the Exchange Act. Large accelerated filer☐Non-accelerated filer☒ Accelerated filer☐Smaller reporting company☒Emerging growth company☐ If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revisedfinancial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.☐Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its auditreport.☐ If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflectthe correction of an error to previously issued financial statements.☐ Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any ofthe registrant’s executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b).☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).Yes☐No☒ The aggregate market value of common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant computed by reference to the price of the registrant’s common stock as of June28, 2024, the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, was approximately $69.5million (based on the last reported saleprice on the Nasdaq Global Select Market as of such date). As of March 21, 2025, there were55,900,641shares of the registrant’s common stock, $0.001 par valueper share, outstanding. DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE The registrant intends to file a definitive proxy statement pursuant to Regulation 14A relating to the 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders within 120 days of theend of the registrant’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2024. Portions of such definitive proxy statement are incorporated by reference into Part III of this AnnualReport on Form 10-K to the extent stated herein. Table of Contents PART I Item 1.BusinessItem 1A.Risk FactorsItem 1B.Unresolved Staff CommentsItem 1C.CybersecurityItem 2.PropertiesItem 3.Legal ProceedingsItem 4.Mine Safety Disclosures PART II Item 5.Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of EquitySecurities78Item 6.[Reserved]78Item 7.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations79Item 7A.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk90Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data91Item 9.Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure127Item 9A.Controls and Procedures127Item 9B.Other Information127Item 9C.Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections127 PART III Item 10.Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance128Item 1